scholarly journals Virtual synchronous generator of PV generation without energy storage for frequency support in autonomous microgrid

2022 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 107343
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhong ◽  
Huayi Li ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Yueming Lv ◽  
Jikai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
Virtual Synchronous Generator

scholarly journals A Novel Photovoltaic Virtual Synchronous Generator Control Technology Without Energy Storage Systems

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Guangqing Bao ◽  
Hongtao Tan ◽  
Kun Ding ◽  
Ming Ma ◽  
Ningbo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Virtual Synchronous Generator

Photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator (PV-VSG) technology, by way of simulating the external characteristics of a synchronous generator (SG), gives the PV energy integrated into the power grid through the power electronic equipment the characteristics of inertial response and active frequency response (FR)—this attracts much attention. Due to the high volatility and low adjustability of PV energy output, it does not have the characteristics of a prime mover (PM), so it must be equipped with energy storage systems (ESSs) in the DC or AC side to realize the PV-VSG technology. However, excessive reliance on ESSs will inevitably affect the application of VSG technology in practical PV power plants (PV-PPs). In view of this, this paper proposes the PV power reserve control type VSG (PV-PRC-VSG) control strategy. By reducing the active power output of part of the PV-PPs, the internal PV-PPs can maintain a part of the active power up/down-regulation ability in real time, instead of relying on external ESSs. By adjusting the active reserve power of this part, the output of the PV-PPs can be controlled within a certain range, and the PV-PPs can better simulate the PM characteristics and realize the FR of the grid by combining the VSG technology. At the same time, the factors affecting the reserve ratio are analyzed, and the position of the voltage operating point in PRC mode is deduced. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is effective and correct.

Modeling and Sizing of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Virtual Synchronous Generator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surindi Vidusika Wijetunge ◽  
Sajana Gunasekera ◽  
Jeewantha Gamage ◽  
Chandima Dedduwa Pathirana ◽  
Sheron Bolonne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
Virtual Synchronous Generator

scholarly journals Secondary Frequency Stochastic Optimal Control in Independent Microgrids with Virtual Synchronous Generator-Controlled Energy Storage Systems

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Yajian Zhang ◽  
Zhaoxia Wang ◽  
Haibo Pen
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Stochastic Optimal Control ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Virtual Synchronous Generator

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy in microgrids (MGs), its stochastic fluctuation of output power has posed challenges to system safety and operation, especially frequency stability. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology, as one effective method, was used to smoothen frequency fluctuation and improve the system’s dynamic performance, which can simulate the inertia and damping of the traditional synchronous generator. This study outlines the integration of VSG-controlled energy storage systems (ESSs) and traditional synchronous generators so they jointly participate in secondary frequency regulation in an independent MG. Firstly, a new uncertain state-space model for secondary frequency control is established, considering the measurement noises and modelling error. Then, an improved linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is designed based on stochastic optimal control theory, in which the dynamic performance index weighting matrices are optimized by combining loop transfer recovery (LTR) technology and the distribution estimation algorithm. On the issue of secondary frequency devices’ output power allocation, the dynamic participation factors based on the ESS’s current state of charge (SOC) are proposed to prevent the batteries’ overcharging and overdischarging problems. The energy storage devices’ service life can be prolonged and OPEX (operational expenditure) decreased. Multiple experimental scenarios with real parameters of MGs are employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that, compared with the lead-compensated-proportional-integral-derivative (LC-PID) control and robust μ-control algorithms, the proposed stochastic optimal control method has a faster dynamic response and is more robust, and the fluctuations from renewable energy and power loads can be smoothened more effectively.

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