Study of multiple steady solutions for the 2D natural convection in a concentric horizontal annulus with a constant heat flux wall using immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method

Author(s):  
Yang Hu ◽  
Decai Li ◽  
Shi Shu ◽  
Xiaodong Niu
Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikun Wei ◽  
Zhengdao Wang ◽  
Yuehong Qian ◽  
Wenjing Guo

A numerical investigation has been carried out to understand the mechanism of the rotation effect on bifurcation and dual solutions in natural convection within a horizontal annulus. A thermal immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method was used to resolve the annular flow domain covered by a Cartesian mesh. The Rayleigh number based on the gap width is fixed at 104. The rotation effect on the natural convection is analyzed by streamlines, isotherms, phase portrait and bifurcation diagram. Our results manifest the existence of three convection patterns in a horizontal annulus with rotating inner cylinder which affect the heat transfer in different ways, and the linear speed ( U i * ) determines the proportion of each convection. Comparison of average Nusselt number versus linear speed for the inner cylinder indicates the existence of the three different mechanisms which drive the convection in a rotation system. The convection pattern caused by rotation reduces the heat transfer efficiency. Our results in phase portraits also reveal the differences among different convection patterns.


2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1210-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hu ◽  
Decai Li ◽  
Shi Shu ◽  
Xiaodong Niu

AbstractIn this paper, a diffuse-interface immersed boundary method (IBM) is proposed to treat three different thermal boundary conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, Robin) in thermal flow problems. The novel IBM is implemented combining with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The present algorithm enforces the three types of thermal boundary conditions at the boundary points. Concretely speaking, the IBM for the Dirichlet boundary condition is implemented using an iterative method, and its main feature is to accurately satisfy the given temperature on the boundary. The Neumann and Robin boundary conditions are implemented in IBM by distributing the jump of the heat flux on the boundary to surrounding Eulerian points, and the jump is obtained by applying the jump interface conditions in the normal and tangential directions. A simple analysis of the computational accuracy of IBM is developed. The analysis indicates that the Taylor-Green vortices problem which was used in many previous studies is not an appropriate accuracy test example. The capacity of the present thermal immersed boundary method is validated using four numerical experiments: (1) Natural convection in a cavity with a circular cylinder in the center; (2) Flows over a heated cylinder; (3) Natural convection in a concentric horizontal cylindrical annulus; (4) Sedimentation of a single isothermal cold particle in a vertical channel. The numerical results show good agreements with the data in the previous literatures.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Fang-Bao Tian ◽  
John Young ◽  
James C. Liao ◽  
Joseph C. S. Lai

AbstractFish adaption behaviors in complex environments are of great importance in improving the performance of underwater vehicles. This work presents a numerical study of the adaption behaviors of self-propelled fish in complex environments by developing a numerical framework of deep learning and immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann method (IB–LBM). In this framework, the fish swimming in a viscous incompressible flow is simulated with an IB–LBM which is validated by conducting two benchmark problems including a uniform flow over a stationary cylinder and a self-propelled anguilliform swimming in a quiescent flow. Furthermore, a deep recurrent Q-network (DRQN) is incorporated with the IB–LBM to train the fish model to adapt its motion to optimally achieve a specific task, such as prey capture, rheotaxis and Kármán gaiting. Compared to existing learning models for fish, this work incorporates the fish position, velocity and acceleration into the state space in the DRQN; and it considers the amplitude and frequency action spaces as well as the historical effects. This framework makes use of the high computational efficiency of the IB–LBM which is of crucial importance for the effective coupling with learning algorithms. Applications of the proposed numerical framework in point-to-point swimming in quiescent flow and position holding both in a uniform stream and a Kármán vortex street demonstrate the strategies used to adapt to different situations.


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