A systematic review of juries' assessment of rape victims: Do rape myths impact on juror decision-making?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokratis Dinos ◽  
Nina Burrowes ◽  
Karen Hammond ◽  
Christina Cunliffe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Rape Myths ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
Rape Victims

scholarly journals Perceptions of Sexual Assault: Effects of Victim Physiological Arousal and Victim Gender on Jurors’ Decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Starosta ◽  
Regina A. Schuller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Rape Myths ◽  
Physiological Arousal ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
Juror Bias ◽  
Female Victim ◽  
Male Victim ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Victim Gender

Limited research has assessed juror decision making in cases of female perpetrated sexual assault and the role played by factors such as the victim’s gender, physiological arousal, and participant’s gender in the decision making process. Participants (n = 215) were presented with one of four trial vignettes that varied the perpetrator and victim’s gender and victim’s physiological arousal. The impact of these variables was examined on guilty verdicts rendered, credibility, and blameworthiness of the victim and accused. Results demonstrate that the male victim was blamed more than the female victim. Further, male participants viewed the male victim to be less credible than the female victim. Lastly, male participants viewed the accused to be more credible when the victim was depicted as a male with signs of physiological arousal. The results reveal the disadvantages a male victim of female perpetrated sexual assault may face if he pursues his sexual assault at trial. Keywords: sexual assault, rape myths, juror bias, gender, physiological arousal

scholarly journals What do we know about rape myths and juror decision making?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Leverick
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Rape Myth ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Jury Deliberations ◽  
Mock Jury ◽  
First Time

This paper presents overwhelming evidence that prejudicial and false beliefs held by jurors about rape affect their evaluation of the evidence and their decision making in rape cases. The paper draws together for the first time the available evidence from both quantitative and qualitative studies (most of which are not found in law journals, but rather in scientific outlets, most commonly those focusing on experimental psychology). The quantitative research demonstrates that mock jurors’ scores on so-called ‘rape myth scales’ are significant predictors of their judgments about responsibility, blame and (most importantly) verdict. The qualitative research indicates that jurors frequently express problematic views about how ‘real’ rape victims would behave and what ‘real’ rape looks like during mock jury deliberations and that even those who score relatively low on abstract rape myth scales can express prejudicial beliefs when deliberating in a particular case. The studies vary in terms of their realism, but it is important to note that some of the studies reported here were highly realistic trial reconstructions, involving representative samples of jurors drawn from the community, live trial reconstructions, evidence-in-chief and cross-examination, accurate legal directions and deliberation in groups. The review concludes by examining the evidence on whether juror education—whether in the form of judicial directions or expert evidence—might be effective in addressing problematic attitudes.

Cognitive optimisers: The use of stereotypes in juror decision-making

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake McKimmie ◽  
Jane Masters ◽  
Barbara Masser ◽  
Regina Schuller ◽  
Deborah Terry
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Juror Decision Making

Children’s Participation in Decision Making From Child Welfare Workers’ Perspectives: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152098484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karmen Toros
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Child Welfare Workers ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Participation In Decision Making ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Welfare Workers

This article explores child welfare workers’ experiences of children’s participation in decision making in the child protection system. The systematic review follows the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and includes 12 peer-reviewed articles published in academic journals from 2009 to 2019. Findings indicate that children’s participation in decision making is generally limited or nonexistent. The age of the child is an important determining factor concerning whether the child is given the opportunity to participate in decision making. Potential harm for children that may result from participation is considered when deciding on whether to include a child in the decision-making process.

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