Genetic similarity between adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis from Iranian children with otitis media with effusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Emaneini ◽  
Farzaneh Gharibpour ◽  
Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz ◽  
Akbar Mirsalehian ◽  
Fereshteh Jabalameli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Adenoid Tissue ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Iranian Children

scholarly journals Activity of Faropenem against Middle Ear Fluid Pathogens from Children with Acute Otitis Media in Costa Rica and Israel

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2230-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Clawson Stone ◽  
Ron Dagan ◽  
Adriano Arguedas ◽  
Eugene Leibovitz ◽  
Elaine Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

ABSTRACT Faropenem was tested against 1,188 middle ear fluid pathogens from children in Israel and Costa Rica. Against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, faropenem was the most active β-lactam, with activity that was similar to or greater than of the other oral antimicrobial classes studied. Faropenem was also active against Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes.

Bacteriology of chronic otitis media with effusion

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Diamond ◽  
P. R. Sisson ◽  
A. M. Kearns ◽  
H. R. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media

AbstractSamples of middle ear effusions from 102 children with serous and mucoid otitis media were cultured for mycoplasmas and bacteria. No sample yielded mycoplasmas but bacteria were cultured from 48 (47 per cent). Organisms commonly regarded as pathogens were present in 25 samples (Haemophilus influenzae 17, Streptococcus pneumoniae four, other streptococci four). The only sample from which anaerobic bacteria were isolated was from a patient with cholesteatoma.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Solithromycin (CEM-101) for Experimental Otitis Media Caused by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 5533-5538 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Figueira ◽  
P. Fernandes ◽  
S. I. Pelton
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

ABSTRACTSolithromycin (CEM-101) is a “fourth-generation” macrolide, as it has three binding site and is acid stable. The three binding sites confer activity against bacteria resistant to the older macrolides and ketolides, including multidrug-resistantStreptococcus pneumoniaeand nontypeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTHi). The objective of this study was to evaluate solithromycin pharmacokinetics (PK), middle ear fluid (MEF) concentrations, and microbiologic efficacy in a chinchilla model of experimental otitis media (EOM) due to strains ofS. pneumoniaeor NTHi. Plasma PK (maximum concentration of drug in serum [Cmax] and area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h [AUC0–24]) and middle ear fluid (MEF) concentrations were determined. Isolates with specified antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were inoculated directly into the middle ear (ME). Plasma and MEF were collected for PK and MEF cultures performed to determine efficacy. Solithromycin administered at 150 mg/kg of body weight/day resulted inCmaxand AUC0–24values of 2.2 μg/ml and 27.4 μg · h/ml in plasma and 1.7 μg/ml and 28.2 μg · h/ml in extracellular MEF on day 1. By day 3,Cmaxand AUC0–24values had increased to 4.5 μg/ml and 54 μg · h/ml in plasma and 4.8 μg/ml and 98.6 μg · h/ml in extracellular MEF. For NTHi EOM, three isolates with MIC/minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) ratios of 0.5/1 μg/ml (isolate BCH1), 2/2 μg/ml (isolate BMC1247C), and 4/4 μg/ml (isolate BMC1213C) were selected. The MEF of >85% of animals infected with BCH1 and BMC1247C was sterilized. For NTHi BMC1213, >85% of MEF cultures remained positive. ForS. pneumoniaeEOM, 3 isolates with MIC/MBC ratios of 0.06/0.125 μg/ml (S. pneumoniae331), 0.125/1 μg/ml (S. pneumoniaeCP-645 [MLSBphenotype]), and 0.5/2 μg/ml (CP-712 [mefAsubclassmefAresistance]) were selected. Solithromycin sterilized MEF in 100% of animals infected withS. pneumoniae331 andS. pneumoniaeCP-645. ME infection persisted in 60% of animals infected with CP-712. In a model of EOM, solithromycin sterilized MEF in >85% of animals challenged with NTHi with an MIC of ≤2 μg/ml and 100% of ME infected withS. pneumoniaewith an MIC of ≤0.125 μg/ml.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Adenoid Hypertrophy, Tympanometry Findings, and Viscosity of Middle Ear Fluid in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion, Southern Oman

2019 ◽  
pp. 014556131987543
Author(s):  
Hazem M. Abdel Tawab ◽  
Salim M. Sloma Tabook
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Adenoid Tissue ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
A Prospective Study

Otitis media with effusion is a common cause of diminished hearing in children younger than 12 years. Hypertrophy of adenoids is one of the commonest etiologies of this condition. It has been mentioned that with increased size of the adenoid tissue, the more likely the incidence of fluid in the middle ear. The aim of this study was to find whether there is a correlation between adenoid size, tympanometric findings, and type of fluid in the middle ear irrespective of disease duration. This is a prospective study done on 100 pediatric patients (12 years and less) presented with chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) and adenoid hypertrophy from July 2015 till July 2017. Cases with tympanometry evidence of COME (B, Cs) and adenoid hypertrophy seen by nasal endoscopy were included. Adenoid size was graded and correlated with the type of tympanometry and type of fluid in the middle ear. Sixty male children and 40 female children were involved. Age ranged from 3 to 12 years with a mean of 7.19 ± 2.489 years. Highly significant relation existed between grade 4 adenoid hypertrophy and mucoid nature of middle ear fluid ( P value = .000). There is a highly significant relation between adenoid hypertrophy grade Ⅳ and type B tympanometry. There is a highly significant relation between adenoid size and nature of middle ear fluid irrespective of the duration of complaints, where grade Ⅳ adenoid hypertrophy showed more increase in middle ear effusion viscosity making adenoid size a very important predictor for the tympanometry type and the nature of the fluid in the middle ear.

Failure of antibiotic therapy in acute otitis media

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Babin ◽  
Vincent Lemarchand ◽  
Sylvain Moreau ◽  
Marc Goullet de Rugy ◽  
André Valdazo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the possible causes of failure of antibiotic therapy in children with acute otitis media (AOM). Thirty-nine samples of middle-ear fluid were obtained by myringotomy from 31 children suffering from AOM, unrelieved by antibiotic therapy administered for over 48 hours. The samples were analysed by the usual microbiological techniques, including cultures, tests for beta-lactamase producing strains and the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae. In 14 samples, no bacterial strains were detected in the cultures of middle-ear fluid; and in two samples the cultures revealed two strains of bacteria. The bacteria most frequently identified were Haemophilus influenzae, found in 11 samples, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, found in seven samples, of which four produced strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin. The failure of antibiotic therapy in AOM appears to be related to the increased resistance of Haemophilus influenzae and to the reduced susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin. Other factors contributing to the failure of antibiotic therapy in AOM may be the viruses or the bacteria that produce multiple pathogens in the middle ear.

Immune Response to Acute Otitis Media: Association Between Middle Ear Fluid Antibody and the Clearing of Clinical Infection

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-308
Author(s):  
John L. Sloyer ◽  
Virgil M. Howie ◽  
John H. Ploussard ◽  
Gerald Schiffman ◽  
Richard B. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Clinical Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid

Clearing of the middle ear fluid in patients with acute otitis media due to Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae was significantly associated with the presence and concentration of specific antibody in the middle ear fluid at the time of diagnosis.

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