scholarly journals Complex Abdominal Organ Motion Assessed From Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. E696-E697
Author(s):  
E.A. Omari ◽  
Y. Song ◽  
J. Christian ◽  
E.S. Paulson ◽  
B.A. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Organ Motion ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Assessment of abdominal organ motion using cine magnetic resonance imaging in different gastric motilities: a comparison between fasting and postprandial states

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hotaka Nonaka ◽  
Hiroshi Onishi ◽  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
Vu Hong Nam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Organ Motion ◽  
Cine Mri ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Duodenal Motility ◽  
Postprandial State

Abstract This study assessed abdominal organ motion induced by gastroduodenal motilities in volunteers during fasting and postprandial states, using cine magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI). Thirty-five volunteers underwent cine-MRI while holding their breath in the fasting and postprandial states. Gastric motility was quantified by the amplitude and velocity of antral peristaltic waves. Duodenal motility was evaluated as the change of duodenal diameter. Abdominal organ motion was measured in the liver, pancreas and kidneys. Motion was quantified by calculating maximal organ displacement in the left–right, antero–posterior and caudal–cranial directions. Median antral amplitude and velocity in the fasting and postprandial states were 7.7 and 15.1 mm (P < 0.01), and 1.3 and 2.5 mm/s (P < 0.01), respectively. Duodenal motility did not change. Median displacement for all organs ranged from 0.9 to 2.9 mm in the fasting state and from 1.0 to 2.9 mm in the postprandial state. Significant increases in abdominal organ displacement in the postprandial state were observed in the right lobe of the liver, pancreatic head and both kidneys. Differences in the median displacement of these organs between the two states were all <1 mm. Although the motion of several abdominal organs increased in the postprandial state, the difference between the two states was quite small. Thus, our study suggests that treatment planning and irradiation need not include strict management of gastric conditions, nor the addition of excess margins to compensate for differences in the intra-fractional abdominal organ motion under different gastric motilities in the fasting and postprandial states.

scholarly journals Abdominal organ perfusion and inflammation in experimental sepsis: a magnetic resonance imaging study

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. G187-G196
Author(s):  
Silvia Marchesi ◽  
Francisco Ortiz Nieto ◽  
Kerstin M. Ahlgren ◽  
Agneta Roneus ◽  
Ricardo Feinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Regional Perfusion ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Experimental Sepsis ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sepsis Model ◽  
Abdominal Organs

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) uses water as contrast and enables the study of perfusion in many organs simultaneously in situ. We used DW-MRI in a hypodynamic sepsis model, comparing abdominal organ perfusion with global hemodynamic measurements and inflammation. Sixteen anesthetized piglets were randomized into 3 groups: 2 intervention (sepsis) groups: HighMAP (mean arterial pressure, MAP > 65 mmHg) and LowMAP (MAP between 50 and 60 mmHg), and a Healthy Control group (HC). Sepsis was obtained with endotoxin and the desired MAP maintained with norepinephrine. After 6 h, DW-MRI was performed. Acute inflammation was assessed with IL-6 and TNFα in abdominal organs, ascites, and blood and by histology of intestine (duodenum). Perfusion of abdominal organs was reduced in the LowMAP group compared with the HighMAP group and HC. Liver perfusion was still reduced by 25% in the HighMAP group compared with HC. Intestinal perfusion did not differ significantly between the intervention groups. Cytokine concentrations were generally higher in the LowMAP group but did not correlate with global hemodynamics. However, cytokines correlated with regional perfusion and, for liver and intestine, also with intra-abdominal pressure. Histopathology of intestine worsened with decreasing perfusion. In conclusion, although a low MAP (≤60 mmHg) indicated impeded abdominal perfusion in experimental sepsis, it did not predict inflammation, nor did other global measures of circulation. Decreased abdominal perfusion partially predicted inflammation but intestine, occupying most of the abdomen, and liver were also affected by intra-abdominal pressure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study increases the knowledge of abdominal perfusion during sepsis. We used diffusion weighted imaging to assess perfusion simultaneously and noninvasively in different abdominal organs. The technique has not been used in a sepsis model before. Cytokine concentrations were measured in different abdominal organs and vascular beds and related to regional perfusion. Decreased abdominal perfusion, but not global measures of circulation, predicted inflammation. Intestine, occupying most of the abdomen, and liver were also affected by intra-abdominal pressure.

Functional information from magnetic resonance imaging

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Alan P. Koretsky ◽  
Afonso Costa e Silva ◽  
Yi-Jen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Functional Information ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become established as an important imaging modality for the clinical management of disease. This is primarily due to the great tissue contrast inherent in magnetic resonance images of normal and diseased organs. Due to the wide availability of high field magnets and the ability to generate large and rapidly switched magnetic field gradients there is growing interest in applying high resolution MRI to obtain microscopic information. This symposium on MRI microscopy highlights new developments that are leading to increased resolution. The application of high resolution MRI to significant problems in developmental biology and cancer biology will illustrate the potential of these techniques.In combination with a growing interest in obtaining high resolution MRI there is also a growing interest in obtaining functional information from MRI. The great success of MRI in clinical applications is due to the inherent contrast obtained from different tissues leading to anatomical information.

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