scholarly journals Donovan's conjecture and extensions by the centralizer of a defect group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Eaton ◽  
Michael Livesey
Keyword(s):  
Defect Group

Ultrapurified Alginate Gel Containing Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Enhances Cartilage and Bone Regeneration on Osteochondral Defects in a Rabbit Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110141
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Atsushi Urita ◽  
Tomohiro Onodera ◽  
Ryosuke Hishimura ◽  
Takayuki Nonoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Osteochondral Defects

Background: Ultrapurified alginate (UPAL) gel implantation has been demonstrated as effective in cartilage repair for osteochondral defects; however, cell transplantation within UPAL gels would be required to treat larger defects. Hypothesis: The combination of UPAL gel and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) would enhance cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair for large osteochondral defects. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 104 osteochondral defects (1 defect per knee) of 52 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups (26 defects per group): defects without any treatment (Defect group), defects treated using UPAL gel alone (UPAL group), defects treated using UPAL gel containing allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (UPAL-MSC group), and defects treated using UPAL gel containing BMAC (UPAL-BMAC group). At 4 and 16 weeks postoperatively, macroscopic and histologic evaluations and measurements of repaired subchondral bone volumes of reparative tissues were performed. Collagen orientation and mechanical properties of the reparative tissue were assessed at 16 weeks. Results: The defects in the UPAL-BMAC group were repaired with hyaline-like cartilage with well-organized collagen structures. The histologic scores at 4 weeks were significantly higher in the UPAL-BMAC group (16.9 ± 2.0) than in the Defect group (4.7 ± 1.9; P < .05), the UPAL group (10.0 ± 3.3; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (12.2 ± 2.9; P < .05). At 16 weeks, the score in the UPAL-BMAC group (24.4 ± 1.7) was significantly higher than those in the Defect group (9.0 ± 3.7; P < .05), the UPAL group (14.2 ± 3.9; P < .05), and the UPAL-MSC group (16.3 ± 3.6; P < .05). At 4 and 16 weeks, the macroscopic evaluations were significantly superior in the UPAL-BMAC group compared with the other groups, and the values of repaired subchondral bone volumes in the UPAL-BMAC group were significantly higher than those in the Defect and UPAL groups. The mechanical properties of the reparative tissues were significantly better in the UPAL-BMAC group than in the other groups. Conclusion: The implantation of UPAL gel containing BMAC-enhanced hyaline-like cartilage repair and subchondral bone repair of osteochondral defects in a rabbit knee model. Clinical Relevance: These data support the potential clinical application of 1-step treatment for large osteochondral defects using biomaterial implantation with cell transplantation.

scholarly journals Brouéʼs abelian defect group conjecture for the sporadic simple Janko groupJ4revisited

2014 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Koshitani ◽  
Jürgen Müller ◽  
Felix Noeske
Keyword(s):  
Defect Group

scholarly journals The number of blocks with a given defect group

1983 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Defect Group

Assessment on Copper C194 Mechanical Properties Variations in Typical Semiconductor Assembly Production Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rashid Amirul ◽  
Saad Nor Hayati ◽  
Bulan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Frame ◽  
High Expectation ◽  
Bond Yield ◽  
Defect Groups ◽  
Semiconductor Manufacturer ◽  
Assembly Production

Process variation is inevitable for any production line regardless of the industry. The trend for smaller, lighter yet multifunctional devices has created high expectation for the semiconductor manufacturer to produce more robust and highly reliable devices. One way to achieve this is by assessing the variance performance of the assembly production. In this study, the mechanical properties of copper alloy C194 used as the lead frame for particular IC device have been investigated. Samples from control and defect groups been subjected to hardness (Rockwell test) and tensile (Instron test) while the optical microscopy used to verify the microstructure. The result shows that the hardness and tensile of the defect group is relatively lower than the control group while the elongation of the defect group is almost 10% higher. This finding is very useful to be shared with the process owner so that in-depth investigation on the lead frame material consistency or the temperature range optimization can be carried out to prevent such variations that contribute to the inconsistence wire bond yield performance.

scholarly journals Blocks with defect group D2n×C2m

2012 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Sambale
Keyword(s):  
Defect Group

scholarly journals SYMMETRIC GROUPS, WREATH PRODUCTS, MORITA EQUIVALENCES, AND BROUÉ'S ABELIAN DEFECT GROUP CONJECTURE

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH CHUANG ◽  
RADHA KESSAR
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Groups ◽  
Wreath Products ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
Negative Integer ◽  
Morita Equivalent

It is shown that for any prime p, and any non-negative integer w less than p, there exist p-blocks of symmetric groups of defect w, which are Morita equivalent to the principal p-block of the group Sp [rmoust ] Sw. Combined with work of J. Rickard, this proves that Broué's abelian defect group conjecture holds for p-blocks of symmetric groups of defect at most 5.

scholarly journals Strain Distribution of Intact Rat Rotator Cuff Tendon-to-Bone Attachments and Attachments With Defects

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Locke ◽  
John M. Peloquin ◽  
Elisabeth A. Lemmon ◽  
Adrianna Szostek ◽  
Dawn M. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Transverse Strain ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Deformation Patterns ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract This study aimed to experimentally track the tissue-scale strains of the tendon–bone attachment with and without a localized defect. We hypothesized that attachments with a localized defect would develop strain concentrations and would be weaker than intact attachments. Uniaxial tensile tests and digital image correlation were performed on rat infraspinatus tendon-to-bone attachments with defects (defect group) and without defects (intact group). Biomechanical properties were calculated, and tissue-scale strain distributions were quantified for superior and inferior fibrous and calcified regions. At the macroscale, the defect group exhibited reduced stiffness (31.3±3.7 N/mm), reduced ultimate load (24.7±3.8 N), and reduced area under the curve at ultimate stress (3.7±1.5 J/m2) compared to intact attachments (42.4±4.3 N/mm, 39.3±3.7 N, and 5.6±1.4 J/m2, respectively). Transverse strain increased with increasing axial load in the fibrous region of the defect group but did not change for the intact group. Shear strain of the superior fibrous region was significantly higher in the defect group compared to intact group near yield load. This work experimentally identified that attachments may resist failure by distributing strain across the interface and that strain concentrations develop near attachment defects. By establishing the tissue-scale deformation patterns of the attachment, we gained insight into the micromechanical behavior of this interfacial tissue and bolstered our understanding of the deformation mechanisms associated with its ability to resist failure.

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