Discrepancy originated from intensity vector in embodied energy accounting

2021 ◽  
pp. 127588
Author(s):  
Wulin Pan ◽  
Wei Pan ◽  
Yongdong Shi ◽  
Ge Huang ◽  
Cheng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Intensity Vector ◽  
Energy Accounting

scholarly journals Punching above its weight: life cycle energy accounting and environmental assessment of vanadium microalloying in reinforcement bar steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Pradeep Kumar ◽  
David A. Santos ◽  
Erick J. Braham ◽  
Diane G. Sellers ◽  
Sarbajit Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Energy Accounting ◽  
Reinforcement Bar

High-strength-low-alloy reinforcement bar steels prepared by vanadium microalloying methods have the potential to dramatically reduce the embodied energy and carbon footprint of buildings.

Multi-regional input–output model and ecological network analysis for regional embodied energy accounting in China

Energy Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 651-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Hongmei Zheng ◽  
Zhifeng Yang ◽  
Meirong Su ◽  
Gengyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Ecological Network Analysis ◽  
Energy Accounting

Characterizing embodied energy accounting with a multi-dimensional framework: A study of China's building sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingke Hong ◽  
Jianping Gu ◽  
Xin Liang ◽  
Guiwen Liu ◽  
Geoffrey Qiping Shen
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Energy Accounting

Agriculture—Things That Are Grown

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Energy Inputs

Timber has the lowest embodied energy of any of the construction materials. Paper production from trees requires much more energy. There is some energy saving in recycling, as recycled paper substitutes for pulp derived from wood chips. Growing crops for food also requires energy. The energy required for plants to grow comes from the sun, but there are additional energy inputs from fertiliser and farm machinery to speed up the growth process and vastly improve crop yields. If grains are used as animal feed, then the energy inputs are much larger than the dietary energy output—the larger the animal and the longer it is fattened up before slaughter, the more inefficient the process. The use of crops to make fuel for electrical power generation or for processing into liquid fuels is horribly inefficient. The problem is simple—the plants do not grow fast enough!

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Framework for Standardising System Boundary Definition in Life Cycle Energy Assessments

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Hossein Omrany ◽  
Veronica Soebarto ◽  
Jian Zuo ◽  
Ruidong Chang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
System Boundary ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Boundary Definition ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

This paper aims to propose a comprehensive framework for a clear description of system boundary conditions in life cycle energy assessment (LCEA) analysis in order to promote the incorporation of embodied energy impacts into building energy-efficiency regulations (BEERs). The proposed framework was developed based on an extensive review of 66 studies representing 243 case studies in over 15 countries. The framework consists of six distinctive dimensions, i.e., temporal, physical, methodological, hypothetical, spatial, and functional. These dimensions encapsulate 15 components collectively. The proposed framework possesses two key characteristics; first, its application facilitates defining the conditions of a system boundary within a transparent context. This consequently leads to increasing reliability of obtained LCEA results for decision-making purposes since any particular conditions (e.g., truncation or assumption) considered in establishing the boundaries of a system under study can be revealed. Second, the use of a framework can also provide a meaningful basis for cross comparing cases within a global context. This characteristic can further result in identifying best practices for the design of buildings with low life cycle energy use performance. Furthermore, this paper applies the proposed framework to analyse the LCEA performance of a case study in Adelaide, Australia. Thereafter, the framework is utilised to cross compare the achieved LCEA results with a case study retrieved from literature in order to demonstrate the framework’s capacity for cross comparison. The results indicate the capability of the framework for maintaining transparency in establishing a system boundary in an LCEA analysis, as well as a standardised basis for cross comparing cases. This study also offers recommendations for policy makers in the building sector to incorporate embodied energy into BEERs.

scholarly journals The Budget as a Basis for Ecological Management of Urbanization Projects. Case Study in Seville, Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4078
Author(s):  
María Rocío Ruiz-Pérez ◽  
María Desirée Alba-Rodríguez ◽  
Cristina Rivero-Camacho ◽  
Jaime Solís-Guzmán ◽  
Madelyn Marrero
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Communication Services ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Total Impact

Urbanization projects, understood as those supplying basic services for cities, such as drinking water, sewers, communication services, power, and lighting, are normally short-term extremely scattered actions, and it can be difficult to track their environmental impact. The present article’s main contribution is to employ the project budgets of public urbanization work to provide an instrument for environmental improvement, thereby helping public procurement, including sustainability criteria. Two urban projects in Seville, Spain are studied: the first substitutes existing services, and the second also includes gardens and playgrounds in the street margins. The methodology finds the construction elements that must be controlled in each project from the perspective of three indicators: carbon, water footprints, and embodied energy. The main impacts found are due to only four construction units: concrete, aggregates, asphalt, and ceramic pipes for the sewer system, that represent 70% or more of the total impact in all indicators studied. The public developer can focus procurement on those few elements in order to exert a lower impact and to significantly reduce the environmental burden of urbanization projects.

scholarly journals Attitudes and Approaches of Finnish Retrofit Industry Stakeholders toward Achieving Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7359
Author(s):  
Sadaf Alam ◽  
Miimu Airaksinen ◽  
Risto Lahdelma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Construction Design ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Property Owners

Key stakeholders in industry are highly responsible for achieving energy performance targets. Particularly, this paper assesses the attitudes, approaches, and experiences of Finnish construction professionals regarding energy-efficient buildings, or nZEBs. A three-tier investigation was conducted including surveys and expert interviews with several stakeholders. The structure of this approach was informed by preliminary data and information available on the Finnish construction sector. The questionnaire showed that the stakeholders ranked energy efficiency and embodied energy/carbon as very important. The survey highlighted that the importance of the embodied carbon CO2 in the materials is less important than the energy efficiency from many of the stakeholders’ points of view. “Energy efficiency” is very important for ESCOs, contractors, and facility managers followed by architects, HVAC engineers, and construction design engineers. Nevertheless, the opinions of architects ranked “embodied energy CO2” as the most important regarding nZEB. When it comes to the importance of “running time emissions” toward nZEB, contractors and ESCO companies ranked it as 1 for importance followed by property owners (78%) and tenants (75%). It is very fascinating to see from the survey that “running time carbon emissions” has been ranked 1 (very important) by all stakeholders. This study will enable construction industry stakeholders to make provisions for overcoming the barriers, gaps, and challenges identified in the practices of the nZEB projects. It will also inform the formulation of policies that drive retrofit uptake.

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