Dissolution behavior and thermodynamic properties of apixaban in pure and mixed solvents

A variation of the temperature changes the static dielectric constant (ε) and the refractive index (n) of solvents and, in conjunction with the measurement of solvent shifts of absorption and fluorescence maxima, allows the investigation of dipole moment changes of solutes in the excited state. For this purpose, investigations of the temperature dependences of ε and n of some pure and mixed solvents of different polarities have been made. It is found that the excited dipole moments of indole, 1,2-dimethylindole, 2,3-dimethylindole and tryptophan obtained from the shifts of the fluorescence maxima in mixed solvents at high temperatures are in good agreement with those obtained in other ways.

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Medium Effects on the Decarboxylation of a Biotin Model in Pure and Mixed Solvents from QM/MM Simulations

The Journal of Organic Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jo060533b ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 71 (13) ◽

pp. 4896-4902 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Orlando Acevedo ◽

William L. Jorgensen

Keyword(s):

Mixed Solvents ◽

Medium Effects ◽

Pure And Mixed Solvents

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Effect of Al2O3, MgO, and CuOx on the dissolution behavior of rhodium in the Na2O-SiO2 slags

Journal of Mining and Metallurgy Section B Metallurgy ◽

10.2298/jmmb121221018w ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 131-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. Wiraseranee ◽

T. Yoshikawa ◽

T.H. Okabe ◽

K. Morita

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Activity Coefficient ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Slag Composition ◽

Slag Basicity ◽

Optical Basicity ◽

Dissolution Behavior ◽

Recycling Process ◽

Oxide Addition

Aiming to optimize rhodium recovery in the high temperature recycling process by minimizing rhodium loss into slags in an oxidizing atmosphere by controlling slag composition, the effects of representative slag components, such as Al2O3, MgO, and CuOx, on the dissolution behavior of rhodium into the Na2O-SiO2 slags was investigated. The solubility of rhodium was measured by equilibrating the sodium silicate based slags with pure solid rhodium at 1473 K in air. Considering that rhodium dissolved into slags as RhO1.5, the effect of the oxide addition on the activity coefficient of RhO1.5 in slags was determined. The dissolution of rhodium in slags was suppressed by the addition of Al2O3 and MgO, where Al2O3 behaved as an acidic oxide and MgO behaved as a diluent of slag basicity at a fixed Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 0.97. The content of copper in solid rhodium equilibrated with the CuOx bearing slags slightly increased with increasing content of CuOx, and CuOx was found to slightly enhance the dissolution of rhodium. Rhodate capacity of all slag systems increased with increasing optical basicity, suggesting that the correlation between rhodate capacity and the optical basicity enables the estimation of the content of rhodium in slags of which thermodynamic properties of rhodium are not clarified.

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