Microbial transformation of solid phase impacts quality of recovered water during consolidation of bioreactor-treated oil sands tailings

Author(s):  
Alsu Kuznetsova ◽  
Petr Kuznetsov ◽  
Rozlyn F. Young ◽  
Kathleen M. Semple ◽  
Carmen Li ◽  
...  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Siddique ◽  
Petr Kuznetsov ◽  
Alsu Kuznetsova ◽  
Carmen Li ◽  
Rozlyn Young ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545
Author(s):  
Tariq Siddique ◽  
Alsu Kuznetsova

Microbial research for maintaining soil productivity, health, and environment as well as for ecosystem function has been one of the main research focuses in the Department of Renewable Resources (formerly Department of Soil Science) during the last 100 yr. In recent years, microbial research has been expanded to effectively reclaim disturbed land, remediate contaminated sites, and manage soft sediments such as huge volumes of oil sands tailings. This article highlights the microbial processes in tailings ponds that can affect strategies to manage growing inventory of oil sands tailings and reduce associated environmental footprint. Enormous volumes of fluid fine tailings produced during bitumen extraction from oil sands are retained in tailings ponds. Some tailings streams contain residual labile hydrocarbons originated from the hydrocarbon solvents used in the extraction process. Indigenous microorganisms acclimated to the pond environment metabolize certain fractions of the fugitive labile hydrocarbons into biogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Long-term (1–7 yr) biodegradation studies conducted using mature fine tailings (MFT) collected from different tailings ponds reveal that the microorganisms sequentially and preferentially biodegrade hydrocarbons under methanogenic conditions. The stoichiometric mathematical model developed on these biodegradation studies can predict GHG emissions from tailings ponds. Production of biogenic gases also affects the porewater and solid-phase chemistry of MFT and accelerates their de-watering and consolidation during active methanogenesis, which is beneficial for recovery of porewater for reuse in the bitumen extraction process and for effective reclamation of consolidated material.


2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (3s) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Егоров ◽  
С.А. Голубков ◽  
С.Д. Федотов ◽  
В.Н. Стаценко ◽  
А.А. Романов ◽  
...  

Высокая плотность структурных дефектов является основной проблемой при изготовлении электроники на гетероструктурах «кремний на сапфире» (КНС). Современный метод получения ультратонких структур КНС с помощью твердофазной эпитаксиальной рекристаллизации позволяет значительно снизить дефектность в гетероэпитаксиальном слое КНС. В данной работе ультратонкие (100 нм) слои КНС были получены путем рекристаллизации и утонения субмикронных (300 нм) слоев кремния на сапфире, обладающих различным структурным качеством. Плотность структурных дефектов в слоях КНС оценивалась с помощью рентгеноструктурного анализа и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии. Кривые качания от дифракционного отражения Si(400), полученные в ω-геометрии, продемонстрировали максимальную ширину на полувысоте пика не более 0,19-0,20° для ультратонких слоев КНС толщиной 100 нм. Формирование структурно совершенного субмикронного слоя КНС 300 нм на этапе газофазной эпитаксии обеспечивает существенное уменьшение плотности дислокаций в ультратонком кремнии на сапфире до значений ~1 • 104 см-1. Тестовые n-канальные МОП-транзисторы на ультратонких структурах КНС характеризовались подвижностью носителей в канале 725 см2 Вс-1. The high density of structural defects is the main problem on the way to the production of electronics on silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) heteroepitaxial wafers. The modern method of obtaining ultrathin SOS wafers is solid-phase epitaxial recrystallization which can significantly reduce the density of defects in the SOS heteroepitaxial layers. In the current work, ultrathin (100 nm) SOS layers were obtained by recrystallization and thinning of submicron (300 nm) SOS layers, which have various structural quality. The density of structural defects in the layers was estimated by using XRD and TEM. Full width at half maximum of rocking curves (ω-geometry) was no more than 0.19-0.20° for 100 nm ultra-thin SOS layers. The structural quality of 300 nm submicron SOS layers, which were obtained by CVD, depends on dislocation density in 100 nm ultrathin layers. The dislocation density in ultrathin SOS layers was reduced by ~1 • 104 cm-1 due to the utilization of the submicron SOS with good crystal quality. Test n-channel MOS transistors based on ultra-thin SOS wafers were characterized by electron mobility in the channel 725 cm2 V-1 s-1.


Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Li ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Raymond S. Farinato ◽  
Ponisseril Somasundaran ◽  
Yuejun Zhang
Keyword(s):  

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Natalia Matłok ◽  
Józef Gorzelany ◽  
Adam Figiel ◽  
Maciej Balawejder

The study presents the effects of fertilisation on selected quality parameters of the dried material obtained from plants of lovage and coriander. During the crop production process, the plants were treated with two fertilisers containing substances potentially acting as elicitors. The dried material was obtained in course of a drying process carried out in optimum conditions and based on the CD-VMFD method which combines convective pre-drying (CD) at a low temperature (40 °C) with vacuum-microwave finish drying with the use of 240 W microwaves (VMFD). The quality of the dried material was evaluated through measurement of the total contents of polyphenols, total antioxidant potential (ABTS and DPPH method), and the profile of volatile compounds (headspace-solid phase microextractio-HS-SPME) as well as assessment of the colour. It was found that by applying first fertilisation (with organic components) it is possible to significantly increase the contents of both bioactive compounds and volatile substances responsible for the aroma. It was determined that the higher content of bioactive compounds was related to the composition of the first fertiliser, presumably the extract from common nettle. The study showed that the application of the first fertiliser contributed to enhanced quality parameters of the raw material obtained.


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