Foreign Buyer Taxes and House Prices in Canada: A Tale of Two Cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 101807
Author(s):  
Zaichao Du ◽  
Hua Yin ◽  
Lin Zhang
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Rampini ◽  
Fulvio Re Cecconi

PurposeThe assessment of the Real Estate (RE) prices depends on multiple factors that traditional evaluation methods often struggle to fully understand. Housing prices, in particular, are the foundations for a better knowledge of the Built Environment and its characteristics. Recently, Machine Learning (ML) techniques, which are a subset of Artificial Intelligence, are gaining momentum in solving complex, non-linear problems like house price forecasting. Hence, this study deployed three popular ML techniques to predict dwelling prices in two cities in Italy.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive dataset about house prices is collected through API protocol in two cities in North Italy, namely Brescia and Varese. This data is used to train and test three most popular ML models, i.e. ElasticNet, XGBoost and Artificial Neural Network, in order to predict house prices with six different features.FindingsThe models' performance was evaluated using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) score. The results showed that the artificial neural network performed better than the others in predicting house prices, with a MAE 5% lower than the second-best model (which was the XGBoost).Research limitations/implicationsAll the models had an accuracy drop in forecasting the most expensive cases, probably due to a lack of data.Practical implicationsThe accessibility and easiness of the proposed model will allow future users to predict house prices with different datasets. Alternatively, further research may implement a different model using neural networks, knowing that they work better for this kind of task.Originality/valueTo date, this is the first comparison of the three most popular ML models that are usually employed when predicting house prices.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hartley ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Susan M. Wachter ◽  
Albert A. Zevelev
Keyword(s):  

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Rosenbaum ◽  
James L. Grisell ◽  
Thomas Koschtial ◽  
Richard Knox ◽  
Keith J. Leenhouts

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Honggen
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
R. R. Palmer

In April 1792, France had declared war on the “King of Hungary and Bohemia,” that is the House of Austria or Hapsburg, which, since it possessed most of Belgium, was the most important of the powers that adjoined the French frontiers. By the following summer the French were also at war with the kingdoms of Prussia and Sardinia, and by 1793 with Great Britain, the Dutch Republic, and the Bourbon Monarchy of Spain. Despite occasional appearances, or stated war aims, the war that began in April 1792 became an ideological conflict between new and old—between “democratic” and “aristocratic” forms of society in the sense explained in the preceding volume. This chapter focuses on this complex story and nations involved. It begins with a tale of two cities, involving ceremonial events in Frankfurt and Paris on July 14, 1792. It was, of course, Bastille Day, but it was also the date of the imperial coronation of Francis II, a young man of twenty-four who proved to be the last Holy Roman Emperor.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (154) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ka Yui Leung ◽  
◽  
Song Shi ◽  
Edward Tang ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

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