Factors Affecting Turnover and Turnaway Intention of Journalists in South Korea

This study examined the factors affecting turnover and turnaway intention of newspaper journalists in South Korea through the lens of the push–pull–mooring framework. Survey results of 899 journalists showed that traffic boosting practices push journalists away from organizations. Particularly, senior journalists were more frustrated with the prevalence of traffic boosting practices, while juniors were more sensitive to growth potential and job security. Furthermore, ideological conflict between journalists and their organizations regarding political orientation was positively related to turnover intention. Meanwhile, regardless of the career length, journalists who enjoyed their coworkers were less likely to leave their jobs.

Evaluation of Eurovision Song Contest as a Cultural Impact Tool

In this study, three claims/arguments regarding the emergence and function of the Eurovision Song Contest were put forward and tried to be grounded. First, the contest emerged as a tool for Western Europe to influence Eastern Europe culturally in the Cold War but it didn’t become an ideological conflict area of East-West. Second, the contest functioned as a stage of expressing the political problems/situations that countries experience within themselves or with each other in the Cold War era and aftermath. Third, although Turkey took place in the Western Europe side in the Cold War, this contest made Turkey feel non-European while having a different identity. In this context, the subject is discussed from the historical perspective with the assumption that the subject of history is unique. The study focused primarily on the concept of the Cold War and the contest. Then, it was explained with the examples which political problems/situations different from the Cold War ideological conflict environment were brought up on the contest platform. Finally, it was emphasized that the contest contributed to “us vs them” dichotomy in Turkey against Europe, contrary to Eurovision’s aim to form/create a common European culture.

Expertise, Ideology, and Distributive Politics

This chapter extends the framework outlined in the previous chapter to examine the most common arguments for delegation to international institutions: information. It distinguishes two rationales: delegation to acquire expertise that states do not individually have and delegation to share expertise and achieve common interpretations of expertise. While the literature emphasizes the former, the latter type of delegation is likely much more common. Moreover, it can be understood only in the context of ideological conflict between states when states have incentives not to share information truthfully. The chapter then looks at the conditions under which transnational and international actors can exploit such ideological conflict to gain influence.

The Transnationalization of Ethno-nationalism : The Case of the Identitarian Movement

The Identitarian movement, a radical-right movement active in a number of European countries, desires to unite European nationalists in international action. Nevertheless, the theory claims that the latter ideology is based on nativism. This might create internal ideological conflict between nativism versus transnationalism. The article offers a qualitative analysis of how the movement solves the issue of identity framing on the transnational level. This is a question of how the ethno-nationalist message is transformed to the transnational level, and how national needs are translated into transnational ones. The findings show that the Identitarian movement constructs a two-fold identity – a national one and a European one; and operates with three types of identity framing, thereby building a complex picture of a common past, present, and future. All three frames always act to maintain a balance between both identities, and always work with the language of civilization. Such framing, then, might lead to the successful mobilization of international resources and turn ideas into action.

AESTHETIZED IDEOLOGY – THE CONFLICT NODE OF CULTURE

The article considers the ideological aspect of cultural integrity. It is shown that ideology is inherently conflictual. The ideological conflict has clearly expressed aesthetic aspects. The mechanisms of using aesthetic means and techniques in political struggle (colors, symbols, slogans) are shown. The manipulative possibilities of aesthetic means are particularly emphasized.