Correlations Between Radial Head Diameters and Humeral Articular Dimensions: Bilateral MRI Morphometric Analysis on 39 Healthy Subjects

ABSTRACT:Cutaneous reflexes in the upper limb were elicited by stimulating digital nerves and recorded by averaging rectified EMG from proximal and distal upper limb muscles during voluntary contraction. Distal muscles often showed a triphasic response: an inhibition with onset about 50 ms (Il) followed by a facilitation with onset about 60 ms (E2) followed by another inhibition with onset about 80 ms (12). Proximal muscles generally showed biphasic responses beginning with facilitation or inhibition with onset at about 40 ms. Normal ranges for the amplitude of these components were established from recordings on 22 arms of 11 healthy subjects. An attempt was made to determine the alterent fibers responsible for the various components by varying the stimulus intensity, by causing ischemic block of larger fibers and by estimating the afferent conduction velocities. The central pathways mediating these reflexes were examined by estimating central delays and by studying patients with focal lesions

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Morphometric Analysis of the Hepatocytes from Fish Exposed to Arsenic

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100091391 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 282-283

Author(s):

Elsie M. B. Sorensen

Keyword(s):

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Arsenic Concentration ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Sodium Arsenate ◽

Lepomis Cyanellus ◽

Mammalian Counterpart ◽

Intracellular Changes ◽

Green Sunfish ◽

Organic Pesticides

The detoxification capacity of the liver is well documented for a variety of substances including ethanol, organic pesticides, drugs, and metals. The piscean liver, although less enzymatically active than the mammalian counterpart (1), contains endoplasmic reticulum with an impressive repertoire of oxidizing, reducing, and conjugating abilities (2). Histopathologic changes are kncwn to occur in fish hepatocytes following in vivo exposure to arsenic (3); however, ultrastructural changes have not been reported. This study involved the morphometric analysis of intracellular changes in fish parynchymal hepatocytes and correlation with arsenic concentration in the liver.Green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus, R.) were exposed to 0, 30, or 60 ppm arsenic (as sodium arsenate) at 20°C for 1, 2, or 3 week intervals before removal of livers for quantification of the arsenic burden (using neutron activation analysis) and morphometric analysis of ultrastructural alterations. Livers were cut into 1 mm cubes for fixation, dehydration, and embedding.

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