The Pharmacologic Management of Osteoporosis in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND Previous studies have implicated the co-existence of psychological disorders and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, the exact magnitude of the prevalence and related score of depression and anxiety in patients with PBC are still unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the prevalence and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores for depression and anxiety in patients with PBC. METHODS A comprehensive search of studies published before June 10, 2020 was performed in databases of PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Methodological quality was assessed based on the Newcastle - Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool. RESULTS Twelve studies were identified, representing 933 patients with PBC. Pooled prevalence estimates were 27.59% (95% CI 16.75%-38.43%) for depression and 19.87% (95% CI 14.12%-25.62%) for anxiety. The scores of HADS-D and HADS-A were 5.60 (95% CI 4.67-6.52) and 6.56 (95% CI 4.89-8.23) among PBC suffers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that depression and anxiety are prevalent in PBC patients. Physicians should be vigilant for psychiatric symptoms among PBC suffers and provide appropriate interventions for them. Exploration of underlying mechanisms and interactions in the future investigations is warranted.

Download Full-text

Association between Smoking and Risk of Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld-181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 197-203

Author(s):

Karn Wijarnpreecha ◽

Monia Werlang ◽

Panadeekarn Panjawatanan ◽

Paul T Kroner ◽

Omar Y Mousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Random Effect ◽

Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Inverse Variance ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Former Smokers

Background & Aims: Studies have suggested that smokers may have a higher risk of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) although the results have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to better characterize the risk of PBC among smokers by identifying all relevant studies and summarizing their results together. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Embase and Pubmed/MEDLINE databases from inception to September 2018 to identify all studies which compared the risk of PBC among current, ever and former smokers to non-smokers. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined together using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results: Nine case-control studies with 21,577 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of PBC among ever smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers with the pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.31 (95% CI, 1.03-1.67; I 2 89%). Subgroup analysis found that the risk was higher in both former smokers (pooled OR 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01-1.84; I 2 75%) and current smokers (pooled OR 1.18; 95% CI, 0.94-1.50; I 2 79%), although the latter did not reach statistical significance. Immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effect of cigarettes were the possible mechanisms behind this increased risk. Conclusions: A significantly increased risk of PBC among individuals who ever smoked was observed in this study, adding to the already long list of harmful health consequences of smoking.

Download Full-text