Dynamics of trace metals in the system water – soil – plant – wild rats – tapeworms (Hymenolepis diminuta) in Maglizh area, Bulgaria

The research was done to investigated and find out whether in the rat’s (Rattus sp.) body in Surabaya contained zoonotic helminth.This research used 31 rats taken from North Surabaya, South Surabaya, East Surabaya, West Surabaya and Central Surabaya, regardless of gender and age. 1 sample from Mulyosari, 3 samples from Bratang, 7 samples from Pegirian, and 20 samples came from Keputran. The result of 31 samples of rat’s digestive organs examine using a surgical method showed positive resulth of the presence of Hymenolepis diminutain the intestine and 5 positive samples were Capillaria hepatica, and then 25 positive samples were Taenia taeniaformis obtained from rat liver organs. From exploration using a microscope, 27 samples showed positive result in the presence of Capillaria hepatica’s eggs. Helminth found in this research are Hymenolepis diminuta, Taenia taeniaformis. and Capillaria hepatica which are zoonotic.

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Impairment of the chemical defence of the beetle, Tenebrio molitor, by metacestodes (cysticercoids) of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182097008901 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. L. BLANKESPOOR ◽

P. W. PAPPAS ◽

T. EISNER

Keyword(s):

Intermediate Host ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Definitive Host ◽

Host Species ◽

Chemical Defence ◽

Tenebrio Molitor ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Parasite Transmission ◽

Defensive Glands ◽

Wild Rats

The defensive glands of beetles, Tenebrio molitor, infected with metacestodes (cysticercoids) of Hymenolepis diminuta are everted less frequently upon stimulation, and contain less toluquinone (methylbenzoquinone) and m-cresol, than glands of uninfected controls. These differences, as shown in predation trials with wild rats, increase the likelihood that both cysticercoids and beetles will be ingested by the tapeworm's definitive host. This is the first documented case of a parasite inhibiting the chemical defence of an intermediate host, and one of only a few reports of parasite-induced manipulation of host biology supported by empirical evidence implicating facilitated parasite transmission between host species.

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XRF and PIXE Analysis of light and Dark Adapted Ocular Tissue

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053619 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 190-191

Author(s):

B. J. Panessa ◽

H. W. Kraner ◽

J. B. Warren ◽

K. W. Jones

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Nerve Impulse ◽

Light Response ◽

Ocular Tissue ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Retinol Dehydrogenase ◽

Pixe Analysis ◽

X Ray ◽

Optimal Function

During photoexcitation the retina requires specific electrolytes and trace metals for optimal function (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, S, P, Cu and Zn). According to Hagins (1981), photoexcitation and generation of a nerve impulse involves the movement of Ca from the rhodopsin-ladened membranes of the rod outer segment (ROS) to the plasmalemma, which in turn decreases the in-flow of Na into the photoreceptor, resulting in hyperpolarization. In toad isolated retinas, the presence of Ba has been found to increase the amplitude and prolong the delay of the light response (Brown and Flaming, 1978). Trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Se are essential for the activity of the metalloenzymes of the retina and retina pigment epithelium (RPE) (i.e. carbonic anhydrase, retinol dehydrogenase, tyrosinase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase...). Therefore the content and fluctuations of these elements in the retina and choroid are of fundamental importance for the maintenance of vision. This paper presents elemental data from light and dark adapted frog ocular tissues examined by electron beam induced x-ray microanalysis, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and proton induced x-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE).

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Identifying Sources of Sulfate Aerosols Reaching Whiteface Mountain, NY

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100117546 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

James S. Webber

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Acid Deposition ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Dry Deposition ◽

Coal Combustion ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Sulfate Aerosols ◽

Wet And Dry Deposition ◽

Whiteface Mountain ◽

Toxic Trace Metals

INTRODUCTION“Acid rain” and “acid deposition” are terms no longer confined to the lexicon of atmospheric scientists and 1imnologists. Public awareness of and concern over this phenomenon, particularly as it affects acid-sensitive regions of North America, have increased dramatically in the last five years. Temperate ecosystems are suffering from decreased pH caused by acid deposition. Human health may be directly affected by respirable sulfates and by the increased solubility of toxic trace metals in acidified waters. Even man's monuments are deteriorating as airborne acids etch metal and stone features.Sulfates account for about two thirds of airborne acids with wet and dry deposition contributing equally to acids reaching surface waters or ground. The industrial Midwest is widely assumed to be the source of most sulfates reaching the acid-sensitive Northeast since S02 emitted as a byproduct of coal combustion in the Midwest dwarfs S02 emitted from all sources in the Northeast.

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