The retention ability of the agricultural landscape in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín nuclear power plant and its changes since the 19th century

ABSTRACTBackground: In 2009, the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) made potassium iodide (KI), a nonprescription radio-protective drug, available by mailing vouchers redeemable at local pharmacies for KI tablets, at no cost to residents living within 10 miles of Michigan's 3 nuclear power plants (NPPs). MDCH conducted an evaluation of this program to determine Michigan's KI coverage and to assess general emergency preparedness among residents living near the NPPs.Methods: KI coverage was estimated based on redeemed voucher counts and the 2010 Census. Telephone surveys were administered to a random sample (N = 153) of residents living near Michigan's NPPs to evaluate general emergency preparedness, reasons for voucher use or nonuse, and KI knowledge.Results: Only 5.3% of eligible residences redeemed KI vouchers. Most surveyed residents (76.5%) were aware of living near an NPP, yet 42.5% reported doing “nothing” to plan for an emergency. Almost half of surveyed voucher users did not know when to take KI or which body part KI protects. Among voucher nonusers, 48.0% were either unaware of the program or did not remember receiving a voucher.Conclusions: Additional efforts are needed to ensure that all residents are aware of the availability of KI and that recipients of the drug understand when and why it should be taken. Minimal emergency planning among residents living near Michigan's NPPs emphasizes the need for increased emergency preparedness and awareness. Findings are particularly salient given the March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant emergency in Japan.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:263–269)

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Application of risk analysis results in emergency planning of a nuclear power plant

International Journal of Energy Production and Management ◽

10.2495/eq-v5-n3-245-258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 245-258

Author(s):

J.-U. Klügel ◽

D. Papini ◽

B. Askari

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Risk Analysis ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Emergency Planning

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Calculation of the Dose for Public Individuals Due to a Severe Accident at the Angra 2 Nuclear Plant, Brazil

Nuclear Power Plants - The Processes from the Cradle to the Grave ◽

10.5772/intechopen.92200 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

André Silva de Aguiar ◽

Seung Min Lee ◽

Gaianê Sabundjian

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Nuclear Plant ◽

Emergency Planning ◽

Severe Accident ◽

Whole Body ◽

The Public ◽

Protective Actions ◽

Radionuclide Release

Through a severe accident at nuclear power plant Angra 2, the whole body dose effective of the individuals members of the public located in the Emergency Planning Zones (EPZs) will be calculated, and later, the protective actions in these EPZs will be analyzed. Two different scenarios of radionuclide release into the atmosphere will be considered. In the first scenario, 2 h of the release of Xe, Cs, Ba, and Te, and the second scenario, 168 h of release.

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Study on Emergency Planning Zone Determination for CAP200 Small Modular Reactor

Volume 4: Nuclear Safety, Security, and Cyber Security; Computer Code Verification and Validation ◽

10.1115/icone26-81071 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Wang Xuan ◽

Du Fenglei ◽

Sun Dawei ◽

Tang Te

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Power Plants ◽

Nuclear Power Plants ◽

Source Term ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Emergency Planning ◽

Constraint Factor ◽

Study Sites

Determination of the SMR emergency planning zone (EPZ) is one of the important external constraint factor of its marketing and application, which means that it is very important to formulate appropriate classification criteria and establish proper size range. In China, due to the requirement of “Criteria for emergency planning and preparedness for nuclear power plants: Part 1, The dividing of emergency planning zone.” (GB/T 17680.1-2008), for PWR nuclear power plant, its external plume EPZ should be within 7km–10km, and its internal plume EPZ should be within 3km∼5km. However, the scope of the standard for the emergency planning area is currently limited to conventional nuclear power plants, and for the current SMR, its emergency planning size is not included. In this paper, we will analyze the classification method of SMR EPZ based on the traditional Nuclear Power Plants feedback experience, including selection of source term, accident cutoff probability, determination method of the plume EPZ and the ingestion EPZ. Three typical nuclear power plant sites in China are chosen as CAP200 case study sites, including two inland nuclear power plant sites and one coastal site. The three sites can represent most of the meteorological and terrain characters of China nuclear power plants. According to the CAP200 source term and meteorological data of the sites, MACCS2 computer program is used to calculate the severe accidents consequence. Conclusions show that for the CAP200 SMR, the accident cutoff probability can be 1.0E−08 to 1.0E−07 per reactor per year, and its project dose exceeding probability in the three sites boundary is far below 30%, which directs that for CAP200 SMR, its plume and ingestion emergence planning zone is limited to the on-site area, and its off-site emergency response can be simplified.

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Estimation of Emergency Planning Zones (EPZs) for Nuclear Research Reactor Using Plume Dispersion Code

Volume 2: Plant Systems, Structures, and Components; Safety and Security; Next Generation Systems; Heat Exchangers and Cooling Systems ◽

10.1115/icone20-power2012-54964 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Mazzammal Hussain ◽

Salah Ud-Din Khan ◽

Waqar A. Adil Syed

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Research Reactor ◽

Nuclear Research ◽

Emergency Planning ◽

Dispersion Modeling ◽

Plume Dispersion ◽

Nuclear Research Reactor ◽

Accident Scenarios

After Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, a demand for re-evaluation of emergency planning zones for nuclear facilities has emerged to ensure that in case of nuclear accident, the population, the environment and the property should lie in the safe zone. Emergency planning zones (EPZs) around a facility are the designated areas where protective measures are adopted according to predefined emergency plan for different emergency situations. Deterministic and probabilistic approaches have been adopted to assess and design emergency planning zones for design base accidents (DBAs), however, after Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, multi-layer failure of the plant systems could not be ruled out. To estimate the dispersion of radioactive material and respective radiation doses received by the affected people, different techniques are used including on-field measurements through survey meters, on-line monitoring network and state-of the art codes for plume dispersion modeling. In this study plume dispersion modeling and estimation of emergency planning zones has been carried out using plume dispersion code for hypothetical accident scenarios at a 10MW nuclear research reactor. Different accident scenarios were considered with different release characteristic and environmental conditions to study the affect of the parameters including release height, heat content, release time, atmospheric stability. The simulation results have been analyzed to assess the existing emergency planning zones of nuclear research reactor.

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