Methods and Algorithms of Turbojet Engines Thrust Parameters Control Unerroric

This report shows a real way for solving the problem of turbojet engine thrust parameters control in flight. The purpose of the research is the formalization of the digital methods and its algorithms for turbojet engines thrust parameters control unerroric. The methods of deductive digital signal processing and combined method of system analysis and approximate synthesis are used for such research. It is described the digital algorithms of unerroric methods wich are based on rotor speed control for turbojet engines of twin-engine airliner by its power plant control system. There are given the calculation formulas for those algorithms.

Efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid water milfoil - concentration and exposure time requirements

This study conducted small-scale trials under various concentration and exposure time (CET) scenarios to determine florpyrauxifen-benzyl activity on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid watermilfoil and determine impact on water stargrass and elodea. Hydrilla treated with 12, 24, or 36 μg active ingredient (a.i.) L⁻¹ florpyrauxifen-benzyl and exposed for 12, 24, or 48 hr under outdoor mesocosm conditions was reduced in biomass by 30-75% at 8 weeks after treatment (WAT). An additional hydrilla trial at the same herbicide concentrations, but under longer exposures (24, 72, or 168 hr), resulted in 33–85% plant control. Under indoor conditions, hybrid watermilfoil dry weight decreased 98–100% with subsurface applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl under CET scenarios of 3–12 μg a.i. L⁻¹ at 3–24 hr exposure times in a growth chamber trial. Under shorter exposure periods (0.5–4 hr) in a follow-up trial, low doses (3–9 μg a.i. L⁻¹) achieved 50–100% control of hybrid watermilfoil. In the same trial, the nontarget species water stargrass and elodea proved relatively tolerant to the florpyrauxifen-benzyl at doses up to 6 μg a.i. L⁻¹ (4 hr exposure) and 9 μg a.i. L⁻¹ (1 hr exposure). These small-scale trials demonstrate florpyrauxifen-benzyl’s potential to selectively manage invasive species.

Hierarchical Control Architecture of Co-located Hybrid Power Plants

The utility-scale co-located hybrid power plants (HPPs) have been receiving attention globally due to enhanced controllability and efficient utilization of electrical infrastructure. While power plant control has been extensively studied for single-technology power plants in the past decades, how to control a co-located HPP that includes sub-plants with multiple technologies is yet to be well defined. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a novel hierarchical control architecture for co-located HPPs. This control architecture contains four control levels: asset control level, plant control level, HPP control level and HPP energy management system (EMS) level. The objective of HPP EMS level is to find optimal strategies for market participation, and the objective of HPP control level is to execute those strategies from the HPP EMS in real time. The interactions across the control hierarchy are firstly discussed in this paper, where attention is closely paid to interactions between HPP EMS level and HPP control level, and between HPP control level and plant control level. Novel strategies for control coordination are presented to ensure all the control levels work together without counteracting against each other. Frequency control and fault ride-through are two examples to demonstrate such control coordination.

Hierarchical Control Architecture of Co-located Hybrid Power Plants

The utility-scale co-located hybrid power plants (HPPs) have been receiving attention globally due to enhanced controllability and efficient utilization of electrical infrastructure. While power plant control has been extensively studied for single-technology power plants in the past decades, how to control a co-located HPP that includes sub-plants with multiple technologies is yet to be well defined. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a novel hierarchical control architecture for co-located HPPs. This control architecture contains four control levels: asset control level, plant control level, HPP control level and HPP energy management system (EMS) level. The objective of HPP EMS level is to find optimal strategies for market participation, and the objective of HPP control level is to execute those strategies from the HPP EMS in real time. The interactions across the control hierarchy are firstly discussed in this paper, where attention is closely paid to interactions between HPP EMS level and HPP control level, and between HPP control level and plant control level. Novel strategies for control coordination are presented to ensure all the control levels work together without counteracting against each other. Frequency control and fault ride-through are two examples to demonstrate such control coordination.

Application of the Fuzzy Method in the Design of Control and Monitoring Systems for Flood Canal Pump Houses

The purpose of making a prototype of the canal to flood the pump house is namely as a means of ideas that may later be applied to the pump house in Indonesia. At the end of this task will be made protorype flood canal house pump with which it can work according to the speed of the incoming flow and the height of the water in the canal, on hulu there are 1 pump 12V which will drain the water into the canal and also waterflow as a tool that can detect the incoming flow. At the pump house there are 3 pump and 1 water level which will work according to the inflow and the height of the channel. Fuzzy Logic is one method of system control can provide decision that resembles the human decision. In the design process of this plant, used a system of development control of the fuzzy logic system using Arduino. It is intended for a design on the plant control system and monitoring of the pump house flood canal. The use of the Speed Controller PWM on the circuit can work well in regulating the pump speed in the work. Pump 1 and pump 2 has a maximum value of the PWM 144 that can remove water 180 ml that works on low currents and are and sodetan have the value of the PWM to 255 that can get water out of 318 ml of working on a heavy flow.

Forty years later: monitoring and status of the endangered Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard

The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard, Uma inornata, was listed as endangered under the California Endangered Species Act in 1980. By that time, the lizard’s habitat was already reduced by 90%, fragmented into isolated habitat islands on private property among hundreds of landowners. Ecosystem processes that are essential for delivering sand and maintaining the lizard’s sand dune habitat were already compromised. As challenging as it was to protect its habitat under these conditions, populations of this lizard still occur across much of the area where it was found forty years ago. Annual monitoring was designed to assess the ongoing viability of these populations by quantifying the effects of potential threats and stressors and focusing adaptive management actions where they are most needed. Here we demonstrate how hypothesis-based monitoring identified specific locations where invasive plant control and sand corridor management were needed to maintain the lizard’s populations. By monitoring lizard densities within the context of environmental variables that either drive or inhibit population growth, this monitoring approach informs if, when, and where management actions are needed.

Improving the Efficiency of Stand-Alone Solar PV Power Plants

As a source of alternative energy, solar energy has apparent advantages, including a renewable, inexhaustible, and environmentally friendly resource. However, it has not become widely spread in the Russian Federation. Among the disadvantages of using solar energy are high equipment cost, low efficiency of photovoltaic solar cells, the generated electrical energy instability. The spatio-temporal variability of solar access causes electrical energy instability. It is possible to increase solar photovoltaic plant efficiency by using a tracking system to change the plant sun's spatial orientation. The paper offers mathematical and simulation models of a solar photovoltaic plant with a solar tracking system that allows the plant to be automatically oriented to the sun by matching the production mode and the solar access level. The use of the azimuth plant control system on the sun will increase the power production of the solar PV plant by an average of 28%. The same value will increase by 40% when using the full plant control system.