Models for the effects of host movement in vector-borne disease systems

Vector-borne disease transmission is often typified by highly focal transmission and influenced by movement of hosts and vectors across different scales. The ecological and environmental conditions (including those created by humans through vector control programmes) that result in metapopulation dynamics remain poorly understood. The development of control strategies that would most effectively limit outbreaks given such dynamics is particularly urgent given the recent epidemics of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. We developed a stochastic, spatial model of vector-borne disease transmission, allowing for movement of hosts between patches. Our model is applicable to arbovirus transmission by Aedes aegypti in urban settings and was parametrized to capture Zika virus transmission in particular. Using simulations, we investigated the extent to which two aspects of vector control strategies are affected by human commuting patterns: the extent of coordination and cooperation between neighbouring communities. We find that transmission intensity is highest at intermediate levels of host movement. The extent to which coordination of control activities among neighbouring patches decreases the prevalence of infection is affected by both how frequently humans commute and the proportion of neighbouring patches that commits to vector surveillance and control activities. At high levels of host movement, patches that do not contribute to vector control may act as sources of infection in the landscape, yet have comparable levels of prevalence as patches that do cooperate. This result suggests that real cooperation among neighbours will be critical to the development of effective pro-active strategies for vector-borne disease control in today's commuter-linked communities.

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Casual gaming as a means to raise awareness of vector-borne disease risks

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e602182011-022 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Tomás Francisco Yago Vincente ◽

Brian Mullen ◽

Thomas N. Mather ◽

Jean-Yves Herve

Keyword(s):

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Disease Risks ◽

Vector Borne

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Medically Important Vector Borne Disease Control-Botanical Plant Extract Trials

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i04.20 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

Rakhshan .

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Vector Borne ◽

Synthetic Pesticides ◽

High Level ◽

Continuous Use ◽

Chemical Pesticides

Mosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens which causes serious human diseases like Malaria, Filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, Dengue fever, Chikungunya, Yellow fever and Zika virus which constitute a major public health problem globally. Mosquito borne diseases cause high level of economic impact all over the world and result in millions of death every year. They infect around 700,000,000 people annually worldwide and 40,000,000 only in India. The continuous use of synthetic pesticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance, toxic effect on human health, environmental pollution and addition to these, its adverse effects can be observed on non-target organisms. Synthetic chemical pesticides have been proved to be effective, but overall in last 5 decades indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides against vector borne disease control have originated several ecological issues due to their residual accumulation and development of resistance in target vectors and their chronic effects.

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Vector-borne disease implications and their control

Waterlines ◽

10.3362/0262-8104.1990.031 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 3-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Brian Kay

Keyword(s):

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Vector Borne

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The adultAedes aegypti midgut peritrophic matrix proteome: A novel approach to vector and vector-borne disease control

10.1603/ice.2016.115210 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Shavonn Reezale Whiten

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Peritrophic Matrix ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Vector Borne

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Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever - the emerging vector-borne disease

Annales UMCS Medicina Veterinaria ◽

10.2478/v10082-008-0012-z ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Krzysztof Kostro ◽

Dorota Luft-Deptuła ◽

Zdzisław Gliński

Keyword(s):

Haemorrhagic Fever ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽

Vector Borne

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Analysis of a Bailey-Dietz model for vector-borne disease under regime switching

Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications ◽

10.1016/j.physa.2021.126129 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 126129

Author(s):

Jiang Xu ◽

Kang Wang ◽

Xiangdan Wen

Keyword(s):

Regime Switching ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Vector Borne

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Clinical and laboratory profiles of visceral leishmaniasis among adult patients admitted to Felege Hiwot Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/20503121211036787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 205031212110367

Author(s):

Berhanu Tarekegn ◽

Ayanaw Tamene

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Leishmania Donovani ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Winter Season ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Vector Borne Disease ◽

Vector Borne ◽

Endemic Areas

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania donovani transmitted by sand fly species. It is the third most common vector-borne disease globally. Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in Ethiopia with an estimated annual incidence ranging from 3700 to 7400 cases. This research aimed to assess the clinical presentations and laboratory profiles of visceral leishmaniasis for early diagnosis and timely initiation of management. Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory manifestation and diagnostic modalities of visceral leishmaniasis among adult patients admitted to Felege Hiwot Hospital, from 1 September 2016 to 30 August 2019. Method: Institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 141 patients admitted to Felege Hiwot Hospital from 1 September 2016 to 30 August 2019. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the clinical presentation and laboratory profiles of patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Results: Among a total of 141 enrolled patients in the study, males were affected 13-fold. Most of them were travelers to endemic areas during the winter season for labor work. The mean duration of illness was 48 days. Common symptoms were fever (96.5%), weightless (82.5%), jaundice (18.4%), vomiting/diarrhea (13.5%), and bleeding episodes (11.3%). Splenomegaly was seen in 98.6%, ascites in 35.5%, and lymphadenopathy in 9.9%. Lymphadenopathy was seen significantly in HIV patients (40%). Anemia was seen in 95%, thrombocytopenia in 90.2%, leukopenia in 86.4%, and pancytopenia in 79.4%. Half of the patients had coinfection. Neutropenic sepsis was seen in 21.3%. The diagnosis was made by tissue aspiration in 65% of patients. Conclusion: The majority of patients who were diagnosed to have visceral leishmaniasis were young male adults who traveled to the endemic areas seasonally. Fever and splenomegaly were seen as the commonest clinical presentation. Lymphadenopathy occurred in high frequency among HIV co-infected patients. Anemia was the commonest hematologic finding.

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