Recent progress in furfural production from hemicellulose and its derivatives: Conversion mechanism, catalytic system, solvent selection

Palladium-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic and Aliphatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals and Aldehydes

Synthesis ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1706570 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yasuyuki Ura

Keyword(s):

Organic Compounds ◽

Catalytic System ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Short Review ◽

Nucleophilic Attack ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Terminal Alkenes ◽

Palladium Catalyzed ◽

Substrate Addition ◽

Cyclic Alkenes

AbstractCatalytic anti-Markovnikov (AM) oxidation of terminal alkenes can provide terminally oxyfunctionalized organic compounds. This short review mainly summarizes our recent progress on the Pd-catalyzed AM oxidations of aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkenes to give terminal acetals (oxidative acetalization) and aldehydes (Wacker-type oxidation), along with related reports. These reactions demonstrate the efficacy of the PdCl2(MeCN)2/CuCl/electron-deficient cyclic alkenes/O2 catalytic system. Notably, electron-deficient cyclic alkenes such as p-benzoquinones (BQs) and maleimides are key additives that facilitate nucleophilic attack of oxygen nucleophiles on coordinated terminal alkenes and enhance the AM selectivity. BQs also function to oxidize Pd(0) depending on the reaction conditions. Several other factors that improve the AM selectivity, such as the steric demand of the nucleophiles, slow substrate addition, and halogen-directing groups, are also discussed.1 Introduction2 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals3 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aromatic Alkenes to Aldehydes4 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aliphatic Alkenes to Terminal Acetals5 Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Aliphatic Alkenes to Aldehydes6 Conclusion

Download Full-text

Recent advances in catalytic asymmetric aza-Cope rearrangement

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc04387k ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (81) ◽

pp. 10469-10483

Author(s):

Liang Wei ◽

Chun-Jiang Wang

Keyword(s):

System Design ◽

Catalytic System ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Cope Rearrangement ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Design Mechanism ◽

Catalytic Asymmetric

This review highlights the recent progress in catalytic asymmetric aza-Cope rearrangement, and covers important features of these studies including catalytic system design, mechanism insight, stereochemistry analysis and synthetic applications.

Download Full-text

Process Design of Hybrid Extraction and Distillation Processes through a Systematic Solvent Selection for Furfural Production

Energy Procedia ◽

10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.467 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 1084-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Le Cao Nhien ◽

Nguyen Van Duc Long ◽

Moonyong Lee

Keyword(s):

Process Design ◽

Solvent Selection ◽

Selection For ◽

Furfural Production

Download Full-text

Electron-Mirror Microscopic Aspects of Ferroelectric Domains of BaTiO3 And Ca2Sr (C2H5CO2)6

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100069387 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 478-479

Author(s):

Teruo Someya ◽

Jinzo Kobayashi

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Quantitative Study ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Ferroelectric Domain ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Surface Pattern ◽

Crystal Surfaces ◽

One Dimensional ◽

Ferroelectric Domains

Recent progress in the electron-mirror microscopy (EMM), e.g., an improvement of its resolving power together with an increase of the magnification makes it useful for investigating the ferroelectric domain physics. English has recently observed the domain texture in the surface layer of BaTiO3. The present authors ) have developed a theory by which one can evaluate small one-dimensional electric fields and/or topographic step heights in the crystal surfaces from their EMM pictures. This theory was applied to a quantitative study of the surface pattern of BaTiO3).

Download Full-text

The Nature of Oxide Surfaces: Topographic and Electronic Structure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100150666 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 966-967

Author(s):

Dawn A. Bonnell ◽

Yong Liang

Keyword(s):

Transition Metal Oxides ◽

Electronic Structures ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Spatial Localization ◽

Level Of Detail ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Oxide Surfaces ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Considerable Effort ◽

Complete Understanding

Recent progress in the application of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and tunneling spectroscopy (STS) to oxide surfaces has allowed issues of image formation mechanism and spatial resolution limitations to be addressed. As the STM analyses of oxide surfaces continues, it is becoming clear that the geometric and electronic structures of these surfaces are intrinsically complex. Since STM requires conductivity, the oxides in question are transition metal oxides that accommodate aliovalent dopants or nonstoichiometry to produce mobile carriers. To date, considerable effort has been directed toward probing the structures and reactivities of ZnO polar and nonpolar surfaces, TiO2 (110) and (001) surfaces and the SrTiO3 (001) surface, with a view towards integrating these results with the vast amount of previous surface analysis (LEED and photoemission) to build a more complete understanding of these surfaces. However, the spatial localization of the STM/STS provides a level of detail that leads to conclusions somewhat different from those made earlier.

Download Full-text