Efferent-mediated reduction in cochlear gain does not alter tuning estimates from stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emission group delays

2014 ◽  
Vol 559 ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaum P. Bhagat ◽  
Chelsea Kilgore
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Cochlear Gain ◽  
Group Delays ◽  
Mediated Reduction

scholarly journals Swept-Tone Stimulus-Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions in Human Newborns

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 233121651988922
Author(s):  
Carolina Abdala ◽  
Ping Luo ◽  
Yeini Guardia
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Cochlear Tuning ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Cochlear Gain ◽  
Group Delays

Several types of otoacoustic emissions have been characterized in newborns to study the maturational status of the cochlea at birth and to develop effective tests of hearing. The stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emission (SFOAE), a reflection-type emission elicited with a single low-level pure tone, is the least studied of these emissions and has not been comprehensively characterized in human newborns. The SFOAE has been linked to cochlear tuning and is sensitive to disruptions in cochlear gain (i.e., hearing loss) in adult subjects. In this study, we characterize SFOAEs evoked with rapidly sweeping tones in human neonates and consider the implications of our findings for human cochlear maturation. SFOAEs were measured in 29 term newborns within 72 hr of birth using swept tones presented at 2 oct/s across a four-octave frequency range (0.5–8 kHz); 20 normal-hearing young adults served as a control group. The prevalence of SFOAEs in newborns was as high as 90% (depending on how response “presence” was defined). Evidence of probe-tip leakage and abnormal ear-canal energy reflectance was observed in those ears with absent or unmeasurable SFOAEs. Results in the group of newborns with present stimulus-frequency emissions indicate that neonatal swept-tone SFOAEs are adult-like in morphology but have slightly higher amplitude compared with adults and longer SFOAE group delays. The origin of these nonadult-like features is probably mixed, including contributions from both conductive (ear canal and middle ear) and cochlear immaturities.

The Speed of Auditory Low-Side Suppression

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel van der Heijden ◽  
Philip X. Joris
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cochlear Gain ◽  
Millisecond Accuracy ◽  
Group Delays

The nonlinear cochlear phenomenon of two-tone suppression is known to be very fast, but precisely how fast is unknown. We studied the timing of low-side suppression in the auditory nerve of the cat using multitone complexes as auditory stimuli. An evalution of the group delays of the responses to these complexes allowed us to measure the timing of the responses with sub-millisecond accuracy for a large number of fibers with characteristic frequencies (CFs) between 2 and 40 kHz. In particular, we measured the delays with which the same below-CF tone complexes affected the response either as an excitor (when presented alone) or as a suppressor (when combined with a CF probe). For CFs <10 kHz, we found that the delay of suppression was larger than the delay of excitation by several hundred microseconds. The difference between the delay of suppression and that of excitation decreased with increasing CF, becoming negligible for CFs >15 kHz. The results are analyzed in terms of traveling-wave delays and a purported cochlear gain control. The data suggest that suppression originates from a gain-control mechanism with an integration time in the order of two cycles of CF.

scholarly journals Characteristic of Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions: Detection Rate, Musical Training Influence, and Gain Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Qi ◽  
Yu ◽  
Wang ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Gain Function ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Detection Rates

Stimulus frequency otoacoustic emission (SFOAE) is an active acoustic signal emitted by the inner ear providing salient information about cochlear function and dysfunction. To provide a basis for laboratory investigation and clinical use, we investigated the characteristics of SFOAEs, including detection rate, musical training influence, and gain function. Sixty-five normal hearing subjects (15 musicians and 50 non-musicians, aged 16–45 years) were tested and analyzed at the probe level of 30 and 50 dB sound pressure levels (SPL) in the center frequency of 1 and 4 kHz in the study. The results indicate that (1) the detection rates of SFOAE are sensitive to the gender, (2) musicians reveal enhanced hearing capacity and SFOAE amplitudes compared with non-musicians, and (3) probe frequency has a significant effect on the compression threshold of SFOAE. Our findings highlight the importance of SFOAE in the clinical hearing screening and diagnosis and emphasize the use of musical training for the rehabilitation enhancement of the auditory periphery and hearing threshold.

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