scholarly journals Alive and grasping: Stable and rapid semantic access to an object category but not object graspability

NeuroImage ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben D. Amsel ◽  
Thomas P. Urbach ◽  
Marta Kutas
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽  
Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽  
Jan Kaiser

Abstract. The goal of the study was to explore event-related potential (ERP) differences during the processing of emotional adjectives that were evaluated as congruent or incongruent with the current mood. We hypothesized that the first effects of congruence evaluation would be evidenced during the earliest stages of semantic analysis. Sixty mood adjectives were presented separately for 1,000 ms each during two sessions of mood induction. After each presentation, participants evaluated to what extent the word described their mood. The results pointed to incongruence marking of adjective’s meaning with current mood during early attention orientation and semantic access stages (the P150 component time window). This was followed by enhanced processing of congruent words at later stages. As a secondary goal the study also explored word valence effects and their relation to congruence evaluation. In this regard, no significant effects were observed on the ERPs; however, a negativity bias (enhanced responses to negative adjectives) was noted on the behavioral data (RTs), which could correspond to the small differences traced on the late positive potential.


Cognition ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Campanella ◽  
Tim Shallice

Author(s):  
Martha Elizabeth Rayas Tanaka

Previous studies (Waxman, Senghas and Benveniste, 1997 and Waxman and Guasti 2009) have concluded that there are crosslinguistic differences in the interpretation of adjectives by English, French, Spanish and Italian- monolingual speaking children. Their results show that only Spanish and Italian-speaking children categorized a novel adjective as an object responding in the same way for the categorization of a noun. According to the authors this is due to the Determiner-Adjective syntactic constructions in these languages that refer to the named objects or entities and to other members of that object category (e.g. los pobres). The present study looks more precisely at the interpretation of adjectives by presenting a task in which children had to recognize adjectives as properties of objects and it explores the role of syntax and morphology as informative linguistic sources for their acquisition by using four different linguistic contexts. The results show that English- and Spanish- monolingual speaking children do understand that adjectives refer to properties and not to objects responding in a different way for a categorization of an adjective. Estudios anteriores (Waxman, Senghas and Benveniste, 1997 and Waxman and Guasti 2009) han concluido que existen diferencias croslingüísticas en la interpretación de los adjetivos por parte de los niños monolingües que hablan inglés, francés, español e italiano. Sus resultados muestran que solamente los niños que hablan español e italiano categorizan un adjetivo nuevo como un objeto respondiendo igual que a la categorización de un sustantivo. Los autores explican que esto se debe a las construcciones sintácticas de Articulo-Adjetivo en las lenguas mencionadas que se refieren a los objetos o entidades nombrados y a otros miembros de la categoría del objeto, por ejemplo: los pobres. El presente estudio analiza más precisamente la interpretación de los adjetivos presentando una tarea en el que el niño tiene que reconocer a los adjetivos como propiedades de objetos y explora el papel de la sintaxis y la morfología como recursos informativos lingüísticos para la adquisición de los adjetivos utilizando cuatro diferentes contextos lingüísticos. Los resultados muestran que los niños hablantes monolingües de inglés y español entienden que los adjetivos se refieren a las propiedades y no a los objetos respondiendo en forma diferente sobre la categorización de un adjetivo.


Author(s):  
Plinio Moreno ◽  
Manuel J. Marín-Jiménez ◽  
Alexandre Bernardino ◽  
José Santos-Victor ◽  
Nicolás Pérez de la Blanca

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