Visual and visuospatial short-term memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: Role of attention

Background: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is the most common preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A strategy to reduce the impact of AD is the early aMCI diagnosis and clinical intervention. Neuroimaging, neurobiological, and genetic markers have proved to be sensitive and specific for the early diagnosis of AD. However, the high cost of these procedures is prohibitive in low-income and middle-income countries (LIMCs). The neuropsychological assessments currently aim to identify cognitive markers that could contribute to the early diagnosis of dementia. Objective: Compare machine learning (ML) architectures classifying and predicting aMCI and asset the contribution of cognitive measures including binding function in distinction and prediction of aMCI. Methods: We conducted a two-year follow-up assessment of a sample of 154 subjects with a comprehensive multidomain neuropsychological battery. Statistical analysis was proposed using complete ML architectures to compare subjects’ performance to classify and predict aMCI. Additionally, permutation importance and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) routines were implemented for feature importance selection. Results: AdaBoost, gradient boosting, and XGBoost had the highest performance with over 80%success classifying aMCI, and decision tree and random forest had the highest performance with over 70%success predictive routines. Feature importance points, the auditory verbal learning test, short-term memory binding tasks, and verbal and category fluency tasks were used as variables with the first grade of importance to distinguish healthy cognition and aMCI. Conclusion: Although neuropsychological measures do not replace biomarkers’ utility, it is a relatively sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for aMCI. Further studies with ML must identify cognitive performance that differentiates conversion from average MCI to the pathological MCI observed in AD.

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Face Short-Term Memory-Related Electroencephalographic Patterns can Differentiate Multi- versus Single-Domain Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-2011-110170 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 157-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marie-Pierre Deiber ◽

Vicente Ibáñez ◽

François Herrmann ◽

Cristelle Rodriguez ◽

Joan Emch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Single Domain ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory

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The striatum, the hippocampus, and short-term memory binding: Volumetric analysis of the subcortical grey matter's role in mild cognitive impairment

NeuroImage Clinical ◽

10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 102158 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maria C. Valdés Hernández ◽

Rupert Clark ◽

Szu-Han Wang ◽

Federica Guazzo ◽

Clara Calia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Volumetric Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory Binding

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Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Show Lower Visual Short-Term Memory Performance in Feature Binding Tasks

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000455831 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 74-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Raju P. Sapkota ◽

Ian van der Linde ◽

Nirmal Lamichhane ◽

Tirthalal Upadhyaya ◽

Shahina Pardhan

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Feature Binding ◽

Object Location ◽

Short Term ◽

Cognitive Changes ◽

Term Memory ◽

Visual Short Term Memory ◽

Location Binding

Background: Early cognitive changes in people at risk of developing dementia may be detected using behavioral tests that examine the performance of typically affected brain areas, such as the hippocampi. An important cognitive function supported by the hippocampi is memory binding, in which object features are associated to create a unified percept. Aim: To compare visual short-term memory (VSTM) binding performance for object names, locations, and identities between a participant group known to be at higher risk of developing dementia (mild cognitive impairment [MCI]) and healthily aging controls. Methods: Ten MCI and 10 control participants completed five VSTM tests that differed in their requirement of remembering bound or unbound object names, locations, and identities, along with a standard neuropsychological test (Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination [ACE]-III). Results: The performance of the MCI participants was selectively and significantly lower than that of the healthily aging controls for memory tasks that required object-location or name-location binding. Conclusion: Tasks that measure unimodal (object-location) and crossmodal (name-location) binding performance appear to be particularly effective for the detection of early cognitive changes in those at higher risk of developing dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease.

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P1-324: EPISODIC SHORT-TERM MEMORY AND SELECTIVE ATTENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER'S DEMENTIA, MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, AND SUBJECTIVE MEMORY IMPAIRMENT

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.565 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. P430-P430

Author(s):

Georg Adler ◽

Yvonne Lembach ◽

Angelika Mautes

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Selective Attention ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽

Short Term ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment

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Impact of preoperative mild cognitive impairment on cerebrovascular events and cognitive status in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: data from 5-year follow-up

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4519 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 4519

Author(s):

I. D. Syrova ◽

O. A. Trubnikova ◽

I. V. Tarasova ◽

O. V. Maleva ◽

S. E. Semenov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Bypass Grafting ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Cerebrovascular Events

Aim. To assess the incidence of cerebrovascular events and cognitive status in the long-term period after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with and without preoperative mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Material and methods. This prospective study involved 115 patients aged 45 to 69 years, who were admitted to the hospital for elective on-pump CABG. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, neuroimaging and neuropsychological examination 3-5 days before and 5-7 years after CABG. Cognitive functioning was assessed using screening neuropsychological scales and neuropsychological testing with an assessment of neurodynamics, attention and short-term memory. Pre-CABG MCI was diagnosed based on the criteria by R. Petersen et al. Therefore, the patients were divided into two groups: with (n=51) and without MCI (n=64).Results. It was found that strokes and dementia during the long-term postoperative period of CABG were observed only in the group of patients with preoperative MCI (7,84%). Five-seven years after CABG, a decrease in cognitive status according to neuropsychological scales was found in all patients (p≤0,05). A decrease in neurodynamics, attention and short-term memory compared to the preoperative level was found in 47,92% of patients with preoperative MCI, without MCI — in 40,63%. Neurodynamic disorders occurred equally frequently in both groups (63,8% and 57,8% of patients, respectively). Memory impairments were more often observed in patients with MCI (55,3%) compared to those without MCI (34,4%) (OR=2,36, 95% CI, 1,09-5,12, p=0,03). According to brain multislice computed tomography in the group with preoperative MCI, the number of patients with cysts and leukoaraiosis 5-7 years after CABG was higher than in those without MCI (p≤0,05).Conclusion. In the long-term (5-7 years) postoperative period of CABG, more than 40% of patients demonstrate a decrease in cognitive status, regardless of preoperative data. At the same time, preoperative MCI is associated with adverse cerebrovascular events and dementia, accompanied by morphological brain abnormalities. Due to the revealed facts, it is necessary to optimize approaches to drug treatment and secondary prevention of cognitive decline after cardiac surgery.

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