scholarly journals Beijing genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is associated with Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; A global analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 100921
Author(s):  
Masoud Keikha ◽  
Mohaddesh Majidzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Beijing Genotype ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Evolution and Transmission Patterns of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 818-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Wang ◽  
Lingyun Shao ◽  
Xiaoping Fan ◽  
Yaojie Shen ◽  
Ni Diao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Beijing Genotype ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

ABSTRACTThe emergence and transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) pose an increasing threat to global TB control. This study aimed to identify the patterns of evolution and transmission dynamics of XDR-TB in populations in a region of China where TB is highly endemic. We analyzed a total of 95 XDR-TB isolates collected from 2003 to 2009 in Chongqing, China. Eight drug resistance genes covering 7 drugs that define XDR-TB were amplified by PCR followed by DNA sequencing. Variable-number tandem repeat 16-locus (VNTR-16) genotyping and genotypic drug resistance profiles were used to determine the evolution or transmission patterns of XDR-TB strains. Our results indicated that the Beijing genotype was predominant (85/95 [89.5%]) in XDR-TB strains, and as many as 40.0% (38/95) of the isolates were distributed into 6 clusters based on VNTR-16 genotyping and drug resistance mutation profiles. All isolates of each cluster harbored as many as six identical resistance mutations in the drug resistance genesrpoB,katG,inhApromoter,embB,rpsL, andgidB. Among the nine cases with continuous isolates from multidrug-resistant (MDR) to XDR-TB, 4 cases represented acquired drug resistance, 4 cases were caused by transmission, and 1 case was due to exogenous superinfection. The XDR-TB epidemic in China is mainly caused by a high degree of clonal transmission, but evolution from MDR to XDR and even superinfection with a new XDR strain can also occur.

scholarly journals Meropenem-Clavulanic Acid Has HighIn VitroActivity against Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3630-3632 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Davies Forsman ◽  
C. G. Giske ◽  
J. Bruchfeld ◽  
T. Schön ◽  
P. Juréen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

ABSTRACTWe investigated the activity of meropenem-clavulanic acid (MEM-CLA) against 68Mycobacterium tuberculosisisolates. We included predominantly multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) isolates, since the activity of MEM-CLA for resistant isolates has previously not been studied extensively. Using Middlebrook 7H10 medium, all but four isolates showed an MIC distribution of 0.125 to 2 mg/liter for MEM-CLA, below the non-species-related breakpoint for MEM of 2 mg/liter defined by EUCAST. MEM-CLA is a potential treatment option for MDR/XDR-TB.

scholarly journals Molecular surveillance of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission in the European Union from 2003 to 2011

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
J L De Beer ◽  
C Ködmön ◽  
M J van der Werf ◽  
J van Ingen ◽  
D van Soolingen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Beijing Genotype ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
The Eu

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) initiated a project on the molecular surveillance of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-/XDR-TB) transmission in the European Union (EU) in the period from 2009 to 2011. In total, 2,092 variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) patterns of MDR-/XDR-TB Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were collected, originating from 24 different countries in the period 2003 to 2011. Of the collected VNTR patterns, 45% (n=941) could be assigned to one of the 79 European multiple-country molecular fingerprint clusters and 50% of those (n=470) belonged to one extremely large cluster caused by Beijing strains of one genotype. We conclude that international transmission of MDR-/XDR-TB plays an important role in the EU, especially in the eastern part, and is significantly related to the spread of one strain or clone of the Beijing genotype. Implementation of international cluster investigation in EU countries should reveal underlying factors of transmission, and show how TB control can be improved regarding case finding, contact tracing, infection control and treatment in order to prevent further spread of MDR-/XDR-TB in the EU.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of ClinicalMycobacterium tuberculosisIsolates to a Potentially Less Toxic Derivate of Linezolid, PNU-100480

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1287-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. C. Alffenaar ◽  
T. van der Laan ◽  
S. Simons ◽  
T. S. van der Werf ◽  
P. J. van de Kasteele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTSusceptibility of clinicalMycobacterium tuberculosisisolates to PNU-100480 and linezolid was evaluated by the MGIT 960 system. The isolates had various susceptibilities to isoniazid (INH), rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin. The mean MIC for PNU-100480 was 3.2 times lower than that for linezolid. Therefore, PNU-100480 is a promising candidate to be developed further as an adjunct in the treatment of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB).

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