Orexin-A signaling in the paraventricular nucleus promote gastric acid secretion and gastric motility through the activation neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors and modulated by the hypothalamic lateral area

Neuropeptides ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Han ◽  
Xiangrong Sun ◽  
Feiei Guo ◽  
Xiao Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Y1 Receptors ◽  
Lateral Area

scholarly journals Effects of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus on Gastric Function in Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyu Li ◽  
Hongzhao Sun ◽  
Yuan Shi ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Xiaofeng Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Gastric Function

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a new type of gas neurotransmitter discovered in recent years. It plays an important role in various physiological activities. The hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important nucleus that regulates gastric function. This study aimed to clarify the role of H2S in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus on the gastric function of rats.Methods: An immunofluorescence histochemistry double-labelling technique was used to determine whether cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) and c-Fos neurons are involved in PVN stress. Through microinjection of different concentrations of NaHS, physiological saline (PS), D-2-Amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (D-AP5), and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), we observed gastric motility and gastric acid secretion.Results: c-Fos and CBS co-expressed the most positive neurons after 1 h of restraint and immersion, followed by 3 h, and the least was at 0 h. After injection of different concentrations of NaHS into the PVN, gastric motility and gastric acid secretion in rats were significantly inhibited and promoted, respectively (p < 0.01); however, injection of normal saline, D-AP5, and PDTC did not cause any significant change (p > 0.05). The suppressive effect of NaHS on gastrointestinal motility and the promotional effect of NaHS on gastric acid secretion could be prevented by D-AP5, a specific N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and PDTC, an NF-κB inhibitor.Conclusion: There are neurons co-expressing CBS and c-Fos in the PVN, and the injection of NaHS into the PVN can inhibit gastric motility and promote gastric acid secretion in rats. This effect may be mediated by NMDA receptors and the NF-κB signalling pathway.

Stimulation of neurons in rat ARC inhibits gastric acid secretion via hypothalamic CRF1/2- and NPY-Y1 receptors

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (6) ◽  
pp. G1075-G1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes J. Tebbe ◽  
Silke Mronga ◽  
Martin K.-H. Schäfer ◽  
Jens Rüter ◽  
Peter Kobelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Npy Receptor ◽  
Y1 Receptors ◽  
Open Question

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuronal projections from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been proposed to target corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) as part of the ARC-PVN axis. The existence of a positive feedback loop involving CRF receptors in the PVN has been suggested. Exogenous NPY and CRF in the PVN have been shown to inhibit gastric acid secretion. Recently, we have demonstrated that activation of ARC neurons inhibits gastric acid secretion via vagal pathways. To what extent NPY- and CRF-mediated mechanisms in the PVN contribute to the CNS modulation of gastric acid secretion is still an open question. In the present study, we performed consecutive bilateral microinjections of antagonists to NPY receptor subtypes Y1 and Y2 and to CRF1/2 receptors in the PVN and of the excitatory amino acid kainate in the ARC to assess the role of NPY- and CRF-mediated mechanisms in the kainate-induced effects on gastric acid secretion. Gastric acid secretion was measured at the basal condition and during pentagastrin (16 μg/kg body wt) stimulation. Microinjection of vehicle in the PVN and kainate in the ARC decreased gastric acid secretion. Microinjection of the specific NPY-Y1 receptor antagonist BIBP-3226 (200 pmol) and the nonspecific CRF1/2 antagonist astressin (30 pmol) in the PVN abolished the inhibitory effect of neuronal activation in the ARC by kainate on gastric acid secretion. The CRF antagonist astressin was more effective. Pretreatment with the NPY-Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE-0246 (120 pmol) in the PVN had no significant effect. Our results indicate that activation of neurons in the ARC inhibits gastric acid secretion via CRF1/2 and NPY-Y1 receptor-mediated pathways in the PVN.

scholarly journals Requirement of Intact Disulfide Bonds in Orexin-A-Induced Stimulation of Gastric Acid Secretion That Is Mediated by OX1 Receptor Activation

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. 976-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikatsu Okumura ◽  
Shigeru Takeuchi ◽  
Wataru Motomura ◽  
Hiroto Yamada ◽  
Shin-ichiro Egashira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Orexin A ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gastric motility is a major factor in cold restraint-induced lesion formation in rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. G191-G199 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Garrick ◽  
S. Buack ◽  
P. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Lesion Formation ◽  
Cold Restraint

These studies were performed to characterize the pattern of gastric contractility associated with cold restraint-induced lesion formation. Gastric motility in the rat was examined with extraluminal transducers at three sites of the stomach. The motility was monitored in the 24-h-fasted state, the postprandial state, and during cold-water immersion restraint. Gastric acid secretion was also monitored in a separate group of animals placed in cold restraint. Both feeding and cold restraint resulted in an equivalent increase in the amplitude of gastric contractions. Prolonged cold restraint, however, resulted in a distinct contractile pattern in which contractions were 56% less frequent and 300-400% longer in duration than those stimulated by feeding. All cold-restrained animals developed multiple gastric erosions. Cold restraint was not associated with increased acid secretion. A single subcutaneous injection of papaverine HCl (50 or 100 mg/kg) suppressed cold restraint-induced high-amplitude contractions and the cold restraint-induced lesion formation without altering acid secretion. These studies suggest that the stimulation of high-amplitude, prolonged duration contractions are more important than changes in gastric acid secretion in the formation of cold restraint-induced gastric lesions.

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