MRP-WSCI: Multiple reference point based weak and strong composite indicators

Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 102060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz ◽  
Samira El Gibari ◽  
José M. Cabello ◽  
Trinidad Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Multiple Reference

Evaluating university performance using reference point based composite indicators

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira El Gibari ◽  
Trinidad Gómez ◽  
Francisco Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
University Performance

HOW MULTIPLE REFERENCE POINTS INFLUENCE MANAGERS' POST-DECISIONAL REGRET

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hsien Huang ◽  
Li-Jung Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Sales Managers ◽  
Temporal Comparison ◽  
Expected Outcome ◽  
Standard Information ◽  
Multiple Reference ◽  
Decisional Regret

Although regret is the most relevant emotion in the domain of decision making, research addressing the regrets of managers and how these are influenced by multiple reference points is lacking. In the context of a choice set with more than 2 alternatives, this study demonstrates that sales managers evaluated their postdecisional regrets based on three reference points: the best-performing unchosen outcome, the worst-performing unchosen outcome, and their expected outcome. The first 2 are social comparison-based standards and the last is a temporal comparison-based standard. Managers equally favored social comparison and temporal standard information when assessing their postdecisional regrets. In addition, it was found that the feeling of regret was largely influenced by a loss or gain relative to each reference point rather than by the degree of loss or gain.

scholarly journals MRP-PCI: A Multiple Reference Point Based Partially Compensatory Composite Indicator for Sustainability Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz ◽  
José Manuel Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Composite Indicator ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Aggregation Procedure ◽  
Strong Sustainability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Compensation Index ◽  
Multiple Reference

Assessing different types of sustainability is a complex procedure, which implies considering aspects of very different nature. One way to do this is using a system of single indicators measuring all these different aspects and aggregating them in an overall composite indicator. In line with the concepts of weak and strong sustainability, the compensability degree among the indicators allowed by the aggregation procedure is a crucial issue. There exist methods that allow for full compensability, zero compensability, or partial compensability. In most of them, the compensation degree is established in a global way, that is, it is the same for all the indicators. In this paper, we develop the Multiple Reference Point Partially Compensatory Indicator (MRP-PCI), where a different compensation index can be established for each indicator. The resulting method can be applied to any system of indicators, and successfully considers the compensation indices given. Some examples and comparisons are used to illustrate its behavior.

Cognitive Reflection Effects on Time Discounting

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Białek ◽  
Przemysław Sawicki
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cognitive Reflection Test ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Time Discounting ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
The Way

Abstract. In this work, we investigated individual differences in cognitive reflection effects on delay discounting – a preference for smaller sooner over larger later payoff. People are claimed to prefer more these alternatives they considered first – so-called reference point – over the alternatives they considered later. Cognitive reflection affects the way individuals process information, with less reflective individuals relying predominantly on the first information they consider, thus, being more susceptible to reference points as compared to more reflective individuals. In Experiment 1, we confirmed that individuals who scored high on the Cognitive Reflection Test discount less strongly than less reflective individuals, but we also show that such individuals are less susceptible to imposed reference points. Experiment 2 replicated these findings additionally providing evidence that cognitive reflection predicts discounting strength and (in)dependency to reference points over and above individual difference in numeracy.

Comparison-Induced Evaluations Around a Reference Point

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber N. Bloomfield ◽  
Jessica M. Choplin
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point
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