An axial displacement measurement relying on the double-helix light beam

AbstractA wavelength-modulated heterodyne grating shearing interferometry using a birefringent crystal is proposed for two-dimensional displacement measurement. There is a difference in the optical path lengths of the p- and s- polarizations of the light beam in the birefringent crystal because of the double refraction caused by the birefringence. By passing through the unequal-path-length optical configuration, the wavelength-modulated light beam is converted into a heterodyne light beam having two frequencies. The modulated heterodyne light beam is further combined with grating-shearing interferometry based on the quasi-common-optical-path (QCOP) design concept. According to the working principle and the Jones calculation, the displacement information of a moving grating can be obtained by means of the optical phase variation resulting from the grating. Theoretical analysis shows that the measurement sensitivity of the proposed method is about 0.134°/nm. The experimental results indicate that the resolution is about 10 nm for the centimetric-level measurement range.

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Axial Displacement Measurement of a Single-Crystal Actuator Using Phase-Shift Interferometry

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics ◽

10.1109/tie.2005.851680 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 953-959 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K.S. Moon ◽

M. Levy ◽

Y.K. Hong ◽

H.K. Park

Keyword(s):

Phase Shift ◽

Single Crystal ◽

Axial Displacement ◽

Displacement Measurement

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Axial displacement measurement using capacitance variation of a spindle

The Proceedings of The Manufacturing & Machine Tool Conference ◽

10.1299/jsmemmt.2004.5.71 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2004.5 (0) ◽

pp. 71-72

Author(s):

Jiro KUROKI ◽

Tadahiko SHINSHI ◽

Akira SHIMOKOHBE

Keyword(s):

Axial Displacement ◽

Displacement Measurement ◽

Capacitance Variation

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Axial displacement measurement with high resolution of particle movement based on compound digital holographic microscopy

Optics Communications ◽

10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126300 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 475 ◽

pp. 126300

Author(s):

Yanan Zeng ◽

Junsheng Lu ◽

Xiaodong Hu ◽

Xinyu Chang ◽

Yuan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Axial Displacement ◽

Displacement Measurement ◽

Digital Holographic Microscopy ◽

Particle Movement ◽

Holographic Microscopy

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Model Based Axial Displacement Measurement of Rubber Artificial Muscle Using Inner Diameter Sensor

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Engineering Systems (ICITES2013) ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-04573-3_43 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tetsuya Akagi ◽

Shujiro Dohta ◽

Yuji Kenmotsu ◽

Shota Jinno ◽

Ken-ichi Taniguchi

Keyword(s):

Artificial Muscle ◽

Axial Displacement ◽

Displacement Measurement ◽

Model Based ◽

Inner Diameter

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Protamine-DNA interaction

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100081863 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 200-201

Author(s):

D.P. Bazett-Jones ◽

F.P. Ottensmeyer

Keyword(s):

Small Volume ◽

Double Helix ◽

Dna Interaction ◽

Dark Field ◽

Sperm Head ◽

Nuclear Proteins ◽

Field Electron Microscopy ◽

Dark Field Electron ◽

Dna Double Helix ◽

Positively Charged

Dark field electron microscopy has been used for the study of the structure of individual macromolecules with a resolution to at least the 5Å level. The use of this technique has been extended to the investigation of structure of interacting molecules, particularly the interaction between DNA and fish protamine, a class of basic nuclear proteins of molecular weight 4,000 daltons.Protamine, which is synthesized during spermatogenesis, binds to chromatin, displaces the somatic histones and wraps up the DNA to fit into the small volume of the sperm head. It has been proposed that protamine, existing as an extended polypeptide, winds around the minor groove of the DNA double helix, with protamine's positively-charged arginines lining up with the negatively-charged phosphates of DNA. However, viewing protamine as an extended protein is inconsistent with the results obtained in our laboratory.

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Electron microscopic assays of restriction endonuclease cutting, exonuclease digestion, and hybridization

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100113317 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 686-687

Author(s):

Mark Hannibal ◽

Jacob Varkey ◽

Michael Beer

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Restriction Endonuclease ◽

Double Helix ◽

Test Material ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Exonuclease Iii ◽

Dna Molecule ◽

Linear Molecules ◽

Exonuclease Digestion

Workman and Langmore have recently proposed a procedure for isolating particular chromatin fragments. The method requires restriction endonuclease cutting of the chromatin and a probe, their digestion with two exonucleases which leave complimentary single strand termini and low temperature hybridization of these. We here report simple electron microscopic monitoring of the four reactions involved.Our test material was ϕX-174 RF DNA which is cut once by restriction endonuclease Xho I. The conversion of circles to linear molecules was followed in Kleinschmidt spreads. Plate I shows a circular and a linear DNA molecule. The rate of cutting is shown in Figure 1.After completion of the endonuclease cutting, one portion of the DNA was treated with exonuclease III, an enzyme known to digest the 3' terminals of double helical DNA. Aliquots when examined in the electron microscope reveal a decreasing length of double helix and increasing bushes at the ends.

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