scholarly journals Annotated key to the trematode species infecting Batillaria attramentaria (Prosobranchia: Batillariidae) as first intermediate host

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan F. Hechinger
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
First Intermediate Host ◽  
Batillaria Attramentaria

Guide to the trematodes (Platyhelminthes) that infect the California horn snail (Cerithideopsis californica: Potamididae: Gastropoda) as first intermediate host

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4711 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYAN F. HECHINGER
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
First Intermediate Host ◽  
Identification Tool

The California horn snail, Cerithideopsis californica, lives in estuarine habitats from California (USA) in North America to Piura (Peru) in South America. Throughout this range, the snail serves as first intermediate host for a diverse guild of digenean trematodes. These parasites are used in teaching laboratories, and have been subject to a large amount of taxonomic, biological, evolutionary, and ecological research. Despite the abundance of research on these trematodes, we lack a satisfactory guide to these parasites. This manuscript treats the 19 trematode species that we are currently able to distinguish morphologically. I provide taxonomic affinities, information on second intermediate host use, an identification key focused on cercaria traits, information and a key for regressed infections lacking cercariae, information on early infections, and species accounts. The species accounts present photographs, additional diagnostic information, taxonomic notes, information concerning cryptic species, and connections to relevant literature. The primary aim of this manuscript is to facilitate research on this trematode guild by serving as an identification tool, and by providing background information, including highlighting gaps in our knowledge. 

Cost of interspecific competition between trematode colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Mouritsen ◽  
C.K. Elkjær
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Littorina Littorea ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Intermediate Host

Abstract In a range of trematode species, specific members of the parthenitae colony infecting the molluscan first intermediate host appear specialized for defence against co-infecting species. The evolution of such division of labour requires that co-infection entails fitness costs. Yet, this premise has very rarely been tested in species showing division of labour. Using Himasthla elongata (Himasthlidae) and Renicola roscovita (Renicolidae) infecting periwinkles Littorina littorea as study system, we show that the size of emerged cercariae is markedly reduced in both parasite species when competing over host resources. Cercarial longevity, on the other hand, is negatively influenced by competition only in R. roscovita. Season, which may impact the nutritional state of the host, also affects cercarial size, but only in H. elongata. Hence, our study underlines that cercarial quality is, indeed, compromised by competition, not only in the inferior R. roscovita (no division of labour) but also in the competitively superior H. elongata (division of labour).

Reproduction and caste ratios under stress in trematode colonies with a division of labour

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 825-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
MELANIE M. LLOYD ◽  
ROBERT POULIN
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Caste Ratio ◽  
Infection Types ◽  
First Intermediate Host

SUMMARYTrematodes form clonal colonies in their first intermediate host. Individuals are, depending on species, rediae or sporocysts (which asexually reproduce) and cercariae (which develop within rediae or sporocysts and infect the next host). Some species use a division of labour within colonies, with 2 distinct redial morphs: small rediae (non-reproducing) and large rediae (individuals which produce cercariae). The theory of optimal caste ratio predicts that the ratio of caste members (small to large rediae) responds to environmental variability. This was tested in Philophthalmus sp. colonies exposed to host starvation and competition with the trematode, Maritrema novaezealandensis. Philophthalmus sp. infected snails, with and without M. novaezealandensis, were subjected to food treatments. Reproductive output, number of rediae, and the ratio of small to large rediae were compared among treatments. Philophthalmus sp. colonies responded to host starvation and competition; reproductive output was higher in well-fed snails of both infection types compared with snails in lower food treatments and well-fed, single infected snails compared with well-fed double infected snails. Furthermore, the caste ratio in Philophthalmus sp. colonies was altered in response to competition. This is the first study showing caste ratio responses to environmental pressures in trematodes with a division of labour.

scholarly journals The Effect of Trematode Parasites on the Growth of Littorina Neritoides (L.)

1941 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Rothschild
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Upward Slope ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Intermediate Host ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Trematode Parasites

If the number of infections with (a) trematode parthenitae and cercariae using Littorina neritoides as first intermediate host only, and (b) encysted metacercariae using L. neritoides as second intermediate host only, are plotted against the size of the snails, two different curves result. The first shows a low rate of infection in the small size groups, but a steep upward slope rising to 91% in the large size groups. The second shows a curve increasing uniformly to 87% infection.Possible interpretations are discussed, and it is concluded that the difference is probably due to the fact that primary infections cause accelerated growth in the host.

Life cycle studies on two Digenea, Paradistomum geckonum (Dicrocoeliidae) and Mesocoelium sociale (Mesocoeliidae), in geckonid lizards from Indonesia

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2491-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray J. Kennedy ◽  
L. M. Killick ◽  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Hemidactylus Frenatus ◽  
Pulmonate Gastropod ◽  
First Intermediate Host

Life cycle studies of Paradistomum geckonum (Dicrocoeliidae) were attempted experimentally. The pulmonate gastropod Lamellaxis gracilis served as the first intermediate host; geckonid lizards (Cosymbotus platyurus, Gehyra mutilata, and Hemidactylus frenatus) served as definitive hosts. The life cycle of Mesocoelium sociale (Mesocoeliidae) was studied in naturally infected first intermediate hosts (L. gracilis, Huttonella bicolor) and experimentally in geckonid definitive hosts (C. platyurus, G. mutilata, and H. frenatus). Some naturally infected L. gracilis were infected concurrently with larval stages of both digeneans. Second intermediate hosts, presumed to be arthropods, were experimentally unnecessary. Metacercariae of P. geckonum were not found. Cercariae of M. sociale formed encysted metacercariae in the same individual snails.

Faunal survey and identification key for the trematodes (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) infecting Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) as first intermediate host

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3418 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYAN F. HECHINGER
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Potamopyrgus Antipodarum ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Systematic Treatment ◽  
Mud Snail ◽  
New Zealand Mud Snail ◽  
First Intermediate Host ◽  
Faunal Survey

A diverse guild of digenean trematodes infects the New Zealand mud snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, as firstintermediate host. This manuscript offers an initial systematic treatment of these trematodes and relies on published andnew information. I list 20 trematode species, for which I provide taxonomic affinities, life-cycle information, and anidentification key. A species account section presents photographs, diagnostic information, additional descriptive notes,and information on relevant research concerning the listed species. The major aim of this manuscript is to facilitateresearch on this trematode guild by providing information and identification tools, and by highlighting gaps in our knowledge.

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