The Fault in Their Stars—Accumulating Astrocytic Inclusions Associated With Clusters of Epileptic Spasms in Children With Global Developmental Delay

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 92-97.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Whitney ◽  
Sameer AlMehmadi ◽  
Bláthnaid McCoy ◽  
Ivanna Yau ◽  
Ayako Ochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Epileptic Spasms

scholarly journals Phenotypes in Children With SYNGAP1 Encephalopathy in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiting Zhang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
Jing Duan ◽  
Qi Zeng ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Delay ◽  
Epileptic Spasms ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy

Objective: We aimed to explore the associated clinical phenotype and the natural history of patients with SYNGAP1 gene variations during early childhood and to identify their genotype–phenotype correlations.Methods: This study used a cohort of 13 patients with epilepsy and developmental disorder due to SYNGAP1 mutations, namely, 7 patients from Shenzhen Children’s Hospital between September 2014 and January 2020 and 6 patients from previously published studies. Their clinical data were studied.Results: A total of 13 children with SYNGAP1 gene variants (eight boys and five girls) were identified. The age of disease onset was in infancy. Mutations were located between exons 8 and 15; most were frameshift or truncated mutations. Four mutation sites (c.924G > A, c.1532-2_1532del, c.1747_1755dup, and c.1735_1738del) had not been reported before. All patients had global developmental delay within the first year of life, and intellectual impairment became gradually apparent. Some of them developed behavioral problems. The developmental delay occurred before the onset of seizures. All seven patients in our cohort presented with epilepsy; myoclonic seizures, absence seizures, and epileptic spasms were the most common seizure types. Abnormal electroencephalograms were identified from five patients before the onset of their seizures. All patients suffered from drug-resistance seizures. However, comorbidities such as behavioral problems were less frequently observed.Conclusion: The most common age of disease onset in SYNGAP1 gene mutations is in infancy, while neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy are the major phenotypes. They have a higher percentage of drug-resistant epilepsy and epileptic spasms than those in previous reports. We should give attention to the patients with abnormal EEGs without seizures and think about the suitable time of the anti-seizure medications for them. We have not found the genotype–phenotype correlation.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Registration number: ChiCTR2100049289 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx).

scholarly journals 10. Cerebral hyaline astrocytic inclusions in treatment-resistant epilepsy and global developmental delay

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S2) ◽  
pp. S4-S5
Author(s):  
M. Signaevski ◽  
C. Sanguansermsri ◽  
M. Connolly ◽  
LN. Hazrati ◽  
C. Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Resection Margin ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Partial Deletion ◽  
Brain Anomalies ◽  
Epileptic Spasms ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Cerebral hyaline astrocytic inclusions (HAI) have been observed in a subset of patients with epilepsy, structural brain anomalies, and developmental delay. We present a case of a 2.5-year-old male with epilepsy and global developmental delay. Chromosomal microarray detected a copy loss at 22q13 that resulted in a partial deletion of SHANK3 gene. The EEGs revealed seizure activity arising from left frontal central region. Invasive video electrocorticography captured clusters of epileptic spasms, all originating from left antero-lateral frontal lobe rostral to the motor cortex. We utilized routine histology to identify the inclusions and mapped their distribution in the resected portion of the cortex against electrocorticographic data. Histologic analysis revealed the presence of HAI in the posterio-medial portion of the resected cortex, which corresponded to the site of seizure generalization. HAI were present at the resection margin. Immunohistochemistry was largely non-contributory. HAI is a rare but emerging entity that is associated with epilepsy. To our knowledge, the distribution of inclusions in HAI has never been mapped to electrophysiologic data. In our case, seizure generalization correlated with the inclusions distribution. This suggests that the inclusions may: 1) play a role in epileptogenesis; or, 2) be a biomarker of disease distribution. Finally, the presence of the HAI at the resection margin may foreshadow future seizure activity in this patient.

Complications and Sequelae in Patients With Congenital Microcephaly Associated With Zika Virus Infection: Two-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382098316
Author(s):  
Luane A. Gouvea ◽  
Marlos Martins ◽  
Daniela Vivacqua ◽  
Julia Rosseto ◽  
Giulia Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Spastic Diplegia ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Congenital Microcephaly ◽  
Auditory Impairment ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Background: We aim to describe the long term follow-up of a cohort of children exposed in utero to the Zika virus. Methods: Descriptive study of a cohort of microcephalic children due to Zika virus. Logistic regression was used to evaluate variables associated with worse prognosis epilepsy. Results: We followed 28 children (15 females), with a median follow-up of 24 months (IQR = 12-28). During the follow-up, 1 infant died. The median head circumference at birth was 29 cm (IQR = 27-31). All presented a global developmental delay. The most frequent central nervous system abnormalities were on cortical development in 22 participants; dysgenesis of corpus callosum in 13; ventriculomegaly in 25; and calcifications in 24. A total of 9 presented ocular abnormalities, 4 auditory impairment. During follow-up, 12 presented with sleep disorders, 10 with irritability, and 23 with epilepsy (2 with generalized tonic-clonic, 3 with generalized tonic-clonic and spasms, 12 with spasms, 3 tonic and spasms, and 3 motor focal and spasms). The median age at the begin of the epilepsy was 4 months (IQR = 2-10), the median number of drugs used to control the epilepsy was 2 (IQR = 2-3). Maternal illicit drug use during pregnancy was associated with worse prognosis epilepsy (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, West syndrome, or status epilepticus). A total of 19 presented with dysphagia, 10 children required gastrostomy. Conclusion: Children with microcephaly due to Zika virus presented with several complications during follow-up, as epilepsy, spastic diplegia, and global developmental delay.

scholarly journals Mystery Case: An infant with developmental delay, epileptic spasms, and acrocyanosis

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (21) ◽  
pp. 939-942
Author(s):  
Priyanka Madaan ◽  
Lokesh Saini ◽  
Sameer Vyas ◽  
Savita Verma Attri ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Epileptic Spasms

scholarly journals Genetic Evaluation of Children with Global Developmental Delay—Current Status of Network Systems in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Yong-Lin Foo ◽  
Julie Chi Chow ◽  
Ming-Chi Lai ◽  
Wen-Hui Tsai ◽  
Li-Chen Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Network Systems
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