Executive function and nonverbal memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Rosa Catalán ◽  
Susana Andrés ◽  
Manel Salamero ◽  
Cristóbal Gastó
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Nonverbal Memory ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Modelling a Multi-Dimensional Model of Memory Performance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Multi-Level Meta-Analytic Review.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Persson ◽  
Alan Yates ◽  
Klaus Kessler ◽  
Ben Harkin
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Multi Level

Even though memory performance is a commonly researched aspect of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), a coherent and unified explanation of the role of specific cognitive factors has remained elusive. To address this, the present meta-analysis examined the predictive validity of Harkin and Kessler’s (2011) Executive Function (E), Binding Complexity (B) and Memory Load (L) Classification System with regards to affected vs. unaffected memory performance in OCD. We employed a multi-level meta-analytic approach (Viechtbauer, 2010) to accommodate the interdependent nature of the EBL model and interdependency of effect sizes (305 effect sizes from 144 studies, including 4424 OCD patients). Results revealed that the EBL model predicted memory performance, i.e., as EBL demand increases, those with OCD performed progressively worse on memory tasks. Executive function was the driving mechanism behind the EBL’s impact on OCD memory performance and negated effect size differences between visual and verbal tasks in those with OCD. Comparisons of sub-task effect sizes were also generally in accord with the cognitive parameters of the EBL taxonomy. We conclude that standardised coding of tasks along individual cognitive dimensions and multi-level meta-analyses provides a new approach to examine multi-dimensional models of memory and cognitive performance in OCD and other disorders.

Cognitive functioning in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Y. Shin ◽  
T. Y. Lee ◽  
E. Kim ◽  
J. S. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Pubmed Database

BackgroundSubstantial empirical evidence has indicated impairment in the cognitive functioning of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) despite inconsistencies. Although several confounding factors have been investigated to explain the conflicting results, the findings remain mixed. This study aimed to investigate cognitive dysfunction in patients with OCD using a meta-analytic approach.MethodThe PubMed database was searched between 1980 and October 2012, and reference lists of review papers were examined. A total of 221 studies were identified, of which 88 studies met inclusion criteria. Neuropsychological performance and demographic and clinical variables were extracted from each study.ResultsPatients with OCD were significantly impaired in tasks that measured visuospatial memory, executive function, verbal memory and verbal fluency, whereas auditory attention was preserved in these individuals. The largest effect size was found in the ability to recall complex visual stimuli. Overall effect estimates were in the small to medium ranges for executive function, verbal memory and verbal fluency. The effects of potentially confounding factors including educational level, symptom severity, medication status and co-morbid disorders were not significant.ConclusionsPatients with OCD appear to have wide-ranging cognitive deficits, although their impairment is not so large in general. The different test forms and methods of testing may have influenced the performance of patients with OCD, indicating the need to select carefully the test forms and methods of testing used in future research. The effects of various confounding variables on cognitive functioning need to be investigated further and to be controlled before a definite conclusion can be made.

Do organizational strategies mediate nonverbal memory impairment in drug-naïve patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Young Shin ◽  
Do-Hyung Kang ◽  
Jung-Seok Choi ◽  
Myung Hun Jung ◽  
Joon Hwan Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Nonverbal Memory ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Drug Naïve

Organizational strategies mediate nonverbal memory impairment in obsessive–compulsive disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary R Savage ◽  
Lee Baer ◽  
Nancy J Keuthen ◽  
Halle D Brown ◽  
Scott L Rauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Nonverbal Memory ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Verbal and nonverbal memory processing in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Its relationship to clinical variables.

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinto Segalàs ◽  
Pino Alonso ◽  
Javier Labad ◽  
Nuria Jaurrieta ◽  
Eva Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Nonverbal Memory ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Variables

Speed and accuracy on tests of executive function in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Roth ◽  
Jacinthe Baribeau ◽  
Denise L. Milovan ◽  
Kieron O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

scholarly journals Executive function in Tourette's syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA H. WATKINS ◽  
BARBARA J. SAHAKIAN ◽  
MARY M. ROBERTSON ◽  
DAVID M. VEALE ◽  
ROBERT D. ROGERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Spatial Recognition

Background. Cognitive performance was compared in the genetically and neurobiologically related disorders of Tourette's syndrome (TS) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), in three domains of executive function: planning, decision-making and inhibitory response control.Method. Twenty TS patients, twenty OCD patients and a group of age- and IQ-matched normal controls completed psychometric and computerized cognitive tests and psychiatric rating scales. The cognitive tests were well-characterized in terms of their sensitivity to other fronto-striatal disorders, and included pattern and spatial recognition memory, attentional set-shifting, and a Go/No-go set-shifting task, planning, and decision-making.Results. Compared to controls, OCD patients showed selective deficits in pattern recognition memory and slower responding in both pattern and spatial recognition, impaired extra-dimensional shifting on the set-shifting test and impaired reversal of response set on the Go/No-go test. In contrast, TS patients were impaired in spatial recognition memory, extra-dimensional set-shifting, and decision-making. Neither group was impaired in planning. Direct comparisons between the TS and OCD groups revealed significantly different greater deficits for recognition memory latency and Go/No-go reversal for the OCD group, and quality of decision-making for the TS group.Conclusions. TS and OCD show both differences (recognition memory, decision-making) and similarities (set-shifting) in selective profiles of cognitive function. Specific set-shifting deficits in the OCD group contrasted with their intact performance on other tests of executive function, such as planning and decision-making, and suggested only limited involvement of frontal lobe dysfunction, possibly consistent with OCD symptomatology.

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