Polyamide woven fabrics with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride or nitro blue tetrazolium chloride as 2D ionizing radiation dosimeters

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kozicki ◽  
E. Sąsiadek
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride

scholarly journals Functional and metabolic neutrophils activity in patients with acute intestinal infections and the influence of selimakcid

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kh Murtazina ◽  
V Kh Fazylov ◽  
A V Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride

Aim. To explore the functional activity of neutrophils in healthy individuals and patients with acute intestinal infections and the effect of selimakcid on it in vitro. Methods. 48 patients with acute intestinal infections aged 20 to 60 years were examined. The control group consisted of 10 healthy people of the same age. Functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils was studied by a nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and by «BURSTTEST» (Neutrophil Oxidative Burst Test). Results. Examination of the functional and metabolic activity of neutrophils in patients with acute intestinal infections revealed increased results of spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test in acute period of the disease. The same changes were discovered while studying the Serratia marcescens stimulated cell activity in patients with dysentery. However, in patients with salmonellosis neutrophils activity in induced nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test did not differ from that of healthy controls. The number of neutrophils synthesizing reactive oxidants recorded by «BURSTTEST» in patients corresponded to the indicators of the induced nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and did not differ in patients with different nosologies. Studying the effect of selimakcid on neutrophils functional activity in healthy controls and patients with acute intestinal infections by nitro blue tetrazolium chloride test and «BURSTTEST» showed that pre-incubation of neutrophils with selimakcid intensified the response to Serratia marcescens. The ability of the drug to modulate the neutrophils activity in patients with acute intestinal infections was higher compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion. Increased functional activity of neutrophils associated with reduced reserve capacity was revealed in patients with salmonellosis and shigellosis of moderate severity. Selimakcid showed immunomodulatory effect, increasing the functional and metabolic potential of neutrophils in patients with acute intestinal infections in vitro.

In Vitro Production of Superoxide Radical from Paraquat and Its Interactions by Monuron and Diuron

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Giannopolitis ◽  
S.K. Ries
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Water Soluble Compound ◽  
Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride

The abilities of herbicides to either produce superoxide radical or react with this radical were examined. The effect of the herbicides on the superoxide-induced reduction ofp-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride was used as an index. Paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) enhanced and diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] inhibited the reduction ofp-nitro blue tetrazolium chloride. Paraquat was reduced photochemically (riboflavin/methionine) or enzymatically (xanthine/xanthine oxidase) and produced superoxide radical upon reoxidation. Diuron and monuron [3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] interacted with photochemically produced superoxide radical, but not with enzymatically produced superoxide radical. The product of the monuron/superoxide interaction was a demethylated, dechlorinated, water-soluble compound containing phenolic hydroxyl group(s), and was not toxic to oats (Avena sativaL.). The enzyme superoxide dismutase prevented the formation of this product.

scholarly journals Phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) ion-association complexes with an anionic indium(III) — 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol chelate

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Stefanova ◽  
Kiril Gavazov
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Molar Absorptivity Coefficient

AbstractComplex formation and liquid-liquid extraction were studied in systems containing indium(III), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) salt (MBT), water and chloroform. The following MBTs, which differ only by the number of -NO2 groups in their cationic parts, were used: 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride) (Blue Tetrazolium chloride, BT), 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, NBT) and 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2,5-di(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Tetranitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, TNBT). The composition of the formed ternary complexes was determined, In:PAR:MBT=1:2:2, and the optimum conditions for their extraction found: pH, shaking time, concentration of the reagents and the sequence of their addition. Some key constants were estimated: constants of extraction (Kex), constants of association (β) and constants of distribution (KD). BT appears to be the best MBT for extraction of the In(III)-PAR species, [In3+(OH)3(PAR)2]4−, (Log Kex=10.9, Log β=9.8, Log KD=1.12, R%=92.7%). Several additional characteristics concerning its application as extraction-spectrophotometric reagent were calculated: limit of detection (LOD = 0.12 µg cm−3), limit of quantification (LOD = 0.40 µg cm−3) and Sandell’s sensitivity (SS =1.58 ng cm−2); Beer’s law is obeyed for In(III) concentrations up to 3.2 µg mL−1 with a molar absorptivity coefficient of 7.3×104 L mol−1 cm−1 at λmax=515 nm.

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