Exposure dose measurement during diagnostic pediatric X-ray examination using an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter based on precise dose calibration taking into consideration variation of X-ray spectra

We have investigated the application of luminescence dating to sediment and pottery samples from a paleoseismological trench excavated in the Gyrtoni Fault, Tyrnavos Basin, Central Greece. The samples were dated following the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating method, using the Riso TL/OSL DA-20 reader. The OSL ages were obtained from chemically purified quartz and a single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol was followed for the equivalent dose (De) determination. Additionally, samples were collected and analyzed with the method of X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, in order to assess their elemental composition. Radioisotope sources (109Cd and 241Am) were used for sample excitation, while X-ray spectra were acquired using a Si(Li) detector coupled with standard electronics. The XRF data were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA). This statistical handling aimed to distinguish from which part of the upthrown fault block scarp-derived colluvium and alluvial deposits, parts of the downthrown block were derived and thus estimate the displacement. The results indicated that both the OSL dating method and the XRF analysis combined with PCA can serve as useful tools for paleoseismological investigations.

Download Full-text

X-ray Digital Tomosynthesis Imaging — Comparison of Reconstruction Algorithms in Terms of a Reduction in the Exposure Dose for Arthroplasty

Arthroplasty - A Comprehensive Review ◽

10.5772/60920 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tsutomu Gomi

Keyword(s):

Exposure Dose ◽

Digital Tomosynthesis ◽

Reconstruction Algorithms ◽

X Ray

Download Full-text

Backward runaway electrons in a subnanosecond air discharge at atmospheric pressure

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034615000907 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Victor F. Tarasenko ◽

Igor' D. Kostyrya ◽

Dmitry V. Beloplotov

Keyword(s):

High Voltage ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Exposure Dose ◽

X Rays ◽

Runaway Electrons ◽

Full Width ◽

Half Maximum ◽

X Ray ◽

Grid Cathode ◽

Air Discharge

AbstractIn the paper, we study the conditions for the generation of backward runaway electrons through a grounded grid cathode in atmospheric pressure air at high-voltage pulses with a full width at half maximum of 1 ns and risetime of 0.3 ns applied to the gap from a SLEP-150 pulser. The study confirms that backward runaway electrons and X-rays do arise near grid cathodes in atmospheric pressure air. It is shown that the current of the backward beam and the X-rays from the gas diode depend differently on the interelectrode distance. The average X-ray exposure dose in a pulse is more than 3.5 mR.

Download Full-text

DEVELOPMENT OF A JAPANESE INFANT HEAD–CHEST PHANTOM AND INVESTIGATION OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF INFANT HEAD CT EXAMINATIONS IN JAPAN

Radiation Protection Dosimetry ◽

10.1093/rpd/ncz261 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 188 (1) ◽

pp. 65-72

Author(s):

C Yamauchi-Kawaura ◽

K Fujii ◽

M Yamauchi ◽

K Imai ◽

M Ikeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exposure Dose ◽

Current Status ◽

Average Dose ◽

Dose Measurement ◽

Organ Doses ◽

Head Ct ◽

Thyroid Glands ◽

Head Computed Tomography ◽

The Brain ◽

Machine Processing

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a head–chest phantom that could mimic the physique of a Japanese 0.5-year-old child and to investigate the current status of exposure dose in infant head computed tomography examinations in Japan. The phantom was produced by machine processing, and radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeters were installed in the phantom for dose measurement. Organ doses were measured for seven different head scan protocols routinely used in three hospitals. In this study, the average dose of the brain and lens within the scan region was equivalent to that measured using infant phantoms in previous studies. In contrast, the doses of both salivary glands and thyroid glands adjacent to the scan region were 1.4–1.8 times higher than those in previous studies. Expansion of the scan area accompanied by a transition of the scan mode from non-helical to helical may have resulted in the differences in organ doses.

Download Full-text