The Geology of Eketahuna (N.Z.M.S.1. N.153)

<p>An interesting rhythmic sequence consisting of massive mudstone and groups of graded beds each about 10 ft thick is exposed near Alfredton, in the southern part of the North Island. During Opoitian time, rotation along a north-east-trending hinge line west of Alfredton caused one side of a fault block to be relatively uplifted and the other depressed, at intervals of several tens of thousands of years, while sedimentation from south-west-flowing turbidity currents was in progress. The sandy fraction of post-faulting turbidity currents were channelled along the depressed side just to the east of the submarine fault scarp, while on the middle and upper slopes of the tilted block mud was deposited from the turbidity-current clouds. As sedimentation proceeded, graded beds on-lapped eastwards up the slope of the tilted block and across the area where muds had been deposited. Later tilting of the block initiated a new rhythm.</p>

The Geology of Eketahuna (N.Z.M.S.1. N.153)

<p>An interesting rhythmic sequence consisting of massive mudstone and groups of graded beds each about 10 ft thick is exposed near Alfredton, in the southern part of the North Island. During Opoitian time, rotation along a north-east-trending hinge line west of Alfredton caused one side of a fault block to be relatively uplifted and the other depressed, at intervals of several tens of thousands of years, while sedimentation from south-west-flowing turbidity currents was in progress. The sandy fraction of post-faulting turbidity currents were channelled along the depressed side just to the east of the submarine fault scarp, while on the middle and upper slopes of the tilted block mud was deposited from the turbidity-current clouds. As sedimentation proceeded, graded beds on-lapped eastwards up the slope of the tilted block and across the area where muds had been deposited. Later tilting of the block initiated a new rhythm.</p>

Experimental study on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the prediction of oil and gas facilities

The article is devoted to the topical problem of forecasting oil and gas promising objects using the latest remote sensing technologies. The proposed new approach to obtaining field verification data is an essential component of the methodology for solving oil and gas prospecting problems on land (satellite technology).Experimental field studies were carried out using the Ocean Optics STS-VIS Developers kit spectroradiometer installed on a quadcopter. Using the example of the Vostochnorogintsevska area, which is part of the Talalaevska-Rybaltsy oil and gas region of the Dnieper-Donetsk oil and gas region, the main stages of the developed method are demonstrated: a model of the fault-block structure was created, the neotectonic features of this area and its local blocks were estimated, photometric measurements of a multispectral satellite image along the route were carried out, birch leaves were sampled again along the same route for spectrometry using the ASD FieldSpec 3 FR instrument.The main objective of the experiment was to carry out field measurements with the Ocean Optics STS-VIS Developers kit spectroradiometer along a route that repeats the routes of measurements with spectrometers carried out earlier. The results showed that the optical anomaly, which is identified with a hydrocarbon accumulation, along the profile at the Vostochnorogintsevska area corresponds to the segment between points 15-26.The same anomaly has been established with the spectrometry device ASD FieldSpec 3 FR (2009 and 2021), the instrument SF-18 (1999 and 2004). Sufficiently accurately allocated transition from object to background, which corresponds to the boundary of the deposit on the drilling data (point 16 on the profile), i.e. has been confirmed in principle the possibility of allocating a low-intensity optical anomalies over hydrocarbon reservoirs using spectroradiometer STS-VIS Developers kit, mounted on quadrocopter.

Integrated Rock and Fluid Workflow to Optimize Geomodeling and History Matching

Optimized geomodeling and history matching of production data is presented by utilizing an integrated rock and fluid workflow. Facies identification is performed by use of image logs and other geological information. In addition, image logs are used to help define structural geodynamic processes that occurred in the reservoir. Methods of reservoir fluid geodynamics are used to assess the extent of fluid compositional equilibrium, especially the asphaltenes, and thereby the extent of connectivity in these facies. Geochemical determinations are shown to be consistent with measurements of compositional thermodynamic equilibrium. The ability to develop the geo-scenario of the reservoir, the coherent evolution of rock and contained fluids in the reservoir over geologic time, improves the robustness of the geomodel. In particular, the sequence of oil charge, compositional equilibrium, fault block throw, and primary biogenic gas charge are established in this middle Pliocene reservoir with implications for production, field extension,and local basin exploration. History matching of production data prove the accuracy of the geomodel; nevertheless, refinements to the geomodel and improved history matching were obtained by expanded deterministic property estimation from wireline log and other data. Theearly connection of fluid data, both thermodynamic and geochemical, with relevant facies andtheir properties determination enables a more facile method to incorporate this data into the geomodel. Logging data from future wells in the field can be imported into the geomodel allowingdeterministic optimization of this model long after production has commenced. While each reservoir is unique with its own idiosyncrasies, the workflow presented here is generally applicable to all reservoirs and always improves reservoir understanding.

Fine Depiction of the Single Sand Body and Connectivity Unit of a Deltaic Front Underwater Distributary Channel: Taking the Third Member of the Dongying Formation in the Cha71 Fault Block of the Chaheji Oilfield as an Example

By taking the third member of the Dongying Formation in the Cha71 fault block of the Chaheji oilfield as an example, the single sand body of the deltaic front underwater distributary channel is meticulously depicted by using the data of well logging and performance production. Portrays the vertical separation model, total lateral separation type, vertical type, lateral superposition type, 4 types of single sand body vertical superimposed and bay type, bank contact between docking, instead of four kinds of single sand body lateral contact type, and summarizes its logging facies identification. The quantitative prediction model of the single sand body was established, the characteristics of single sand body plane distribution were summarized, and the identification of the oil-water layer and the lower limit of reservoir effective thickness were studied. And we got the conclusion that based on the fine characterization of the single sand body and the lower limit standard of effective reservoir thickness, the distribution range of the effective reservoir and connecting unit is determined. Finally, the connectivity of the connecting unit is verified by dynamic data.

Features of ground inflow testing in the areas of double porosity aquifer development

The purpose of the study is optimization of geological exploration at the groundwater deposits of the upper hydrodynamic zone formed in the fault-block structure conditions in Eastern Siberia. The authors analyze the structural and tectonic features of the areas under investigation, the results of areal geophysics studies, exploration drilling and the use of the author's methodology in carrying out of the ground inflow testing. The objects of research are groundwater deposits located in various tectonic structures of Eastern Siberia. The analysis of field study results involving researches of groundwater deposits located in various tectonic structures of Eastern Siberia made it possible to identify the double porosity in the aquifers of free water exchange in the region, which is due to the stresses arising during the inland Baikal rift system formation. As a result, the optimization of geological exploration work, methodology and processing methods of ground inflow testing in the areas of fault-block structures development were introduced on the basis of the features of structural-tectonic and hydrogeological conditions.