Aspirin pre-treatment modulates ozone-induced fetal growth restriction and alterations in uterine blood flow in rats

Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction (IUGR) is a major complication of pregnancy and leads to significant perinatal morbidities and mortality. Typically, induction of IUGR in animals involves the complete occlusion or ablation of vessels to the uterus or placenta, acutely impairing blood flow and fetal growth, usually with high fetal loss. We aimed to produce a model of reduced fetal growth in the spiny mouse with minimal fetal loss. At 27 days gestational age (term is 38–39 days), a piece of silastic tubing was placed around the left uterine artery to prevent the further increase of uterine blood flow with advancing gestation to induce IUGR (occluded). Controls were generated from sham surgeries without placement of the tubing. Dams were humanely euthanized at 37 days gestational age and all fetuses and placentas were weighed and collected. Of the 17 dams that underwent surgery, 15 carried their pregnancies to 37 days gestational age and 95% of fetuses survived to this time. The difference in fetal body weight between occluded and control was ~21% for fetuses in the left uterus side: there were no differences for fetuses in the right uterus side. Offspring from the occluded group had significantly lower brain, liver, lung, kidney and carcass weights compared with shams. Preventing the gestation-related increase of uterine blood flow induced significant growth restriction in the fetal spiny mouse, with minimal fetal loss. This technique could be readily adapted for other small animal.

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Supplemental Oxygen and Glucose During Prolonged Uterine Blood Flow (UtBF) Reduction Prevents Fetal Growth Restriction in Sheep. • 1576

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199804001-01598 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 269-269

Author(s):

Anthony J Tackman ◽

Edward A Liechty ◽

David W Boyle

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Supplemental Oxygen ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Blood Flow

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Maternal Oxygen (O2) Supplementation During Prolonged Uterine Blood Flow (Ut BF) Reduction Does Not Prevent Fetal Growth Restriction In Sheep. 234

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199704001-00254 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 41-41

Author(s):

David W. Boyle ◽

Scott C. Denne ◽

Edward A. Liechty

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Blood Flow

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Prenatal AD.VEGF gene therapy increases fetal growth velocity and alters uterine artery vascular reactivity in the absence of a measurable effect on uterine blood flow in a sheep model of fetal growth restriction

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/fetalneonatal-2012-301809.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 97 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A1.1-A1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DJ Carr ◽

RP Aitken ◽

JS Milne ◽

V Mehta ◽

DM Peebles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Growth Velocity ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Uterine Blood Flow ◽

Measurable Effect ◽

Sheep Model

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Enhanced Nitrite-Mediated Relaxation of Placental Blood Vessels Exposed to Hypoxia Is Preserved in Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22094500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 4500

Author(s):

Teresa Tropea ◽

Carina Nihlen ◽

Eddie Weitzberg ◽

Jon O. Lundberg ◽

Mark Wareing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Fetal Plasma ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite

Nitric oxide (NO) is essential in the control of fetoplacental vascular tone, maintaining a high flow−low resistance circulation that favors oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus. Reduced fetoplacental blood flow is associated with pregnancy complications and is one of the major causes of fetal growth restriction (FGR). The reduction of dietary nitrate to nitrite and subsequently NO may provide an alternative source of NO in vivo. We have previously shown that nitrite induces vasorelaxation in placental blood vessels from normal pregnancies, and that this effect is enhanced under conditions of hypoxia. Herein, we aimed to determine whether nitrite could also act as a vasodilator in FGR. Using wire myography, vasorelaxant effects of nitrite were assessed on pre-constricted chorionic plate arteries (CPAs) and veins (CPVs) from normal and FGR pregnancies under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Responses to the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), were assessed in parallel. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were measured in fetal plasma. Hypoxia significantly enhanced vasorelaxation to nitrite in FGR CPAs (p < 0.001), and in both normal (p < 0.001) and FGR (p < 0.01) CPVs. Vasorelaxation to SNP was also potentiated by hypoxia in both normal (p < 0.0001) and FGR (p < 0.01) CPVs. However, compared to vessels from normal pregnancies, CPVs from FGR pregnancies showed significantly lower reactivity to SNP (p < 0.01). Fetal plasma concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were not different between normal and FGR pregnancies. Together, these data show that nitrite-mediated vasorelaxation is preserved in FGR, suggesting that interventions targeting this pathway have the potential to improve fetoplacental blood flow in FGR pregnancies.

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EARLY MARKERS OF DIAGNOSIS FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION SYNDROME

Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.37800/rm2020-1-23(2) ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

G.A. Ikhtiyarova ◽

M.J. Aslonova ◽

N.K. Dustova

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Second Trimester ◽

Early Markers ◽

Uteroplacental Blood Flow ◽

Placental Blood ◽

Placental Blood Flow ◽

Large Vessels

The article presents the effectiveness of Dopplerometry for assessing blood flow in large vessels, including the umbilical, uterine artery and middle cerebral artery, 90 women were examined in the second trimester, and 45 women showed signs of placental insufficiency, such as fetal growth restriction syndrome at 28-34 weeks. The results of the study showed that 23 (51.1%) women had signs of subcompensated insufficiency of uteroplacental blood flow, and 11 (24.4%) women showed signs of fetal-placental blood flow. The study of the uteroplacental-fetal blood flow allows early detection of early signs of impairment in the fetoplacental system and its timely correction.

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