Assessment of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Capacity for Odontogenic Differentiation and Dentin Regeneration in Methimazole-Treated Albino Rats (Light Microscopic Study)

Abstract Odontoblasts are cells that contribute to the formation of the dental pulp complex. The differentiation of dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into odontoblasts comprises many factors and signaling pathways. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), comprising a substantial part of poly-A tail mature RNAs, are considered “transcriptional noise.” Emerging evidence has shown that ncRNAs have key functions in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In this review, we discussed two major types of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in terms of their role in the odontogenic differentiation of dental tissue-derived stem cells. Recent findings have demonstrated important functions for miRNAs and lncRNAs in odontogenic differentiation. It is expected that ncRNAs will become promising therapeutic targets for dentin regeneration based on stem cells.

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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with gonadotropin therapy restore postnatal oogenesis of chemo-ablated ovaries in rats via enhancing very small embryonic-like stem cells

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-021-02415-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nesrine Ebrahim ◽

Hajir A. Al Saihati ◽

Amani Shaman ◽

Arigue A. Dessouky ◽

Ayman Samir Farid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Primordial Germ Cells ◽

Average Density ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Epithelial Surface ◽

Group V ◽

Transcript Levels

Abstract Background Very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) are a rare population within the ovarian epithelial surface. They contribute to postnatal oogenesis as they have the ability to generate immature oocytes and resist the chemotherapy. These cells express markers of pluripotent embryonic and primordial germ cells. Objective We aimed to explore the capability of VSELs in restoring the postnatal oogenesis of chemo-ablated rat ovaries treated with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) combined with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). Methods Female albino rats were randomly assigned across five groups: I (control), II (chemo-ablation), III (chemo-ablation + PMSG), IV (chemo-ablation + MSCs), and V (chemo-ablation + PMSG + MSCs). Postnatal oogenesis was assessed through measurement of OCT4, OCT4A, Scp3, Mvh, Nobox, Dazl4, Nanog, Sca-1, FSHr, STRA8, Bax, miR143, and miR376a transcript levels using qRT-PCR. Expression of selected key proteins were established as further confirmation of transcript expression changes. Histopathological examination and ovarian hormonal assessment were determined. Results Group V displayed significant upregulation of all measured genes when compared with group II, III or IV. Protein expression confirmed the changes in transcript levels as group V displayed the highest average density in all targeted proteins. These results were confirmed histologically by the presence of cuboidal germinal epithelium, numerous primordial, unilaminar, and mature Graafian follicles in group V. Conclusion VSELs can restore the postnatal oogenesis in chemo-ablated ovaries treated by BM-MSCs combined with PMSG.

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