Renal toxicity of ethylene glycol results from internalization of calcium oxalate crystals by proximal tubule cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Erik Hovda ◽  
Chungang Guo ◽  
Ronald Austin ◽  
Kenneth E. McMartin
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Proximal Tubule Cells ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Tubule Cells

Time-dependent changes in kidney histopathology in ethylene glycol poisoning

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janos Bokor ◽  
Krisztina Danics ◽  
Eva Keller ◽  
Zoltan Szollosi
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Cellular Debris ◽  
Tubular Lumen

Ethylene glycol (EG) may be acutely toxic following ingestion. In fatal cases, microscopic examination of urine and kidney specimens can establish a post-mortem diagnosis of EG poisoning. We describe the main renal histopathologic changes during different stages of EG poisoning, which might be helpful when dating the EG poisoning itself. A single-centre retrospective study conducted on all EG poisoning cases demonstrated that in an early stage of EG poisoning, fine dust-like crystals were deposited to the tubular cell basement membrane, followed by internalisation of calcium oxalate crystals into the epithelial cells. Later, the crystals formed larger aggregates within the epithelial cells. As the changes became advanced, pronounced tubular epithelial damage occurred, with detachment of epithelial cells from the basement membrane. In the final stage, coarse calcium oxalate crystals were recognised in the tubular lumen, with cellular debris from damaged epithelial cells. Our study shows that the time-dependent histological changes described follow the clinical stages of EG poisoning and may therefore provide a rough estimate of the time of EG ingestion before death.

Unusual Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Ethylene Glycol Poisoning

1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Godolphin ◽  
E. P. Meagher ◽  
H. D. Sanders ◽  
J. Frohlich
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning

Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Ethylene Glycol Toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 377 (15) ◽  
pp. 1467-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hanouneh ◽  
Teresa K. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

Fatal Ethylene Glycol Intoxication Secondary to Accidental Ingestion

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1591-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Furnica ◽  
Anton Knieling ◽  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Madalina Diac ◽  
Sofia David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Severe Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Intoxication

Ethylene glycol intoxication is potentially fatal and associated with typical clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings. The authors present the case of a 57-year-old male with a history of chronic alcoholism and who accidentally ingested approximately 1 litter of antifreeze solution. The patient was discovered comatose in his house and addressed to the emergency department with a Glasgow coma score of 3, severe metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, atrial fibrillation and liver dysfunction. Despite reanimation manoeuvres and haemodialysis for 2 h the patient deceased 5 h after hospital admission. Necropsy examination revealed a stomach with oedematous walls, mucosa erosions and signs of bleeding together with a disorganised, granular single kidney with unidentifiable corticomedullary border. Histopathological examination displayed typical findings in the kidney such as autolytic changes of the epithelium and abundant calcium oxalate crystals in the lumen of the proximal tubules. Ethylene glycol intoxication is frequent in our country and its metabolites glycoaldehyde, glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid are responsible for the severe metabolic acidosis and formation of calcium oxalate crystals in various organs and leading to severe multiple organ dysfunction and death. Forensic pathologists should be aware of clinical and biological manifestations as well as of typical histopathological findings as ethylene glycol is commonly ingested accidentally or used in homicidal/autolytical attempts.

Evidence that mouse renal proximal tubule cells produce nephrocalcin

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. F390-F398 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sirivongs ◽  
Y. Nakagawa ◽  
W. K. Vishny ◽  
M. J. Favus ◽  
F. L. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Chromatographic Behavior ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Proximal Tubule Cells ◽  
Tubule Cells

Nephrocalcin (NC) is a glycoprotein inhibitor of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal growth present in urine and kidney tissue. To determine if kidney cells can produce NC, we have isolated proximal tubules from mouse kidney and cultured them in a serum-free medium containing supplements. The tubules accumulate p-aminohippurate and respond with increase in adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate to parathyroid hormone but not to arginine vasopressin. They produce 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 when 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 is added as substrate. Medium conditioned for 3 days reacted by direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a rabbit antiserum to human urinary NC; the same antiserum was localized to the cells using immunoperoxidase staining. Using ion exchange and molecular sieve chromatography, we purified a glycoprotein calcium oxalate crystal-growth inhibitor the chromatographic behavior and amino acid and carbohydrate compositions of which closely resembled that of purified human urinary NC. Its dissociation constant toward the calcium oxalate crystal was 0.4-10 X 10(-7) M. Purified fractions of the protein cross-reacted with the antiserum tested by ELISA. Cultured proximal tubule cells produce a molecule that resembles NC from human urine, rat urine, and rat kidneys; proximal tubule is a probable site of NC production in vivo.

351 Hippuric Acid Not Calcium Oxalate Crystals in the Urine of a Patient with Ethylene Glycol Ingestion

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. B104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Wendland ◽  
Harold Yamase ◽  
Nancy Adams ◽  
Joseph Palmisano ◽  
Michael Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

An SEM study of raphide crystal initials in the leaves of vitis (grape)

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
H. J. Arnott ◽  
M. A. Webb ◽  
L. E. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystal Cells ◽  
Crystal Idioblast

Many papers have been published on the structure of calcium oxalate crystals in plants, however, few deal with the early development of crystals. Large numbers of idioblastic calcium oxalate crystal cells are found in the leaves of Vitis mustangensis, V. labrusca and V. vulpina. A crystal idioblast, or raphide cell, will produce 150-300 needle-like calcium oxalate crystals within a central vacuole. Each raphide crystal is autonomous, having been produced in a separate membrane-defined crystal chamber; the idioblast''s crystal complement is collectively embedded in a water soluble glycoprotein matrix which fills the vacuole. The crystals are twins, each having a pointed and a bidentate end (Fig 1); when mature they are about 0.5-1.2 μn in diameter and 30-70 μm in length. Crystal bundles, i.e., crystals and their matrix, can be isolated from leaves using 100% ETOH. If the bundles are treated with H2O the matrix surrounding the crystals rapidly disperses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document