Toxic effects of a high dose of non-ionic iodinated contrast media on renal glomerular and aortic endothelial cells in aged rats in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 202 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingming Zhao ◽  
Zhiwen Tao ◽  
Zhihui Xu ◽  
Zhengxian Tao ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

scholarly journals Urea transporters are distributed in endothelial cells and mediate inhibition of l-arginine transport

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (3) ◽  
pp. F578-F582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Wagner ◽  
Janet D. Klein ◽  
Jeff M. Sands ◽  
Chris Baylis
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

Our laboratory previously reported that uremic levels of urea inhibitl-arginine (l-Arg) transport into endothelial cells. The present study further investigated this effect. We measuredl-Arg transport in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells with normal or high urea (25 mM). The urea transport inhibitor phloretin abolished the inhibitory effect of urea on l-Arg transport, suggesting a role for urea transporters (UTs). We screened bovine aortic endothelial cells and several other endothelial cell types for the presence of UTs by using Western blot analysis. UT-B was present in all endothelial cells, irrespective of species or location of derivation, whereas UT-A distribution was variable and sparse. UT-B was also abundant in rat aorta, mesenteric blood vessels, and spinotrapezius muscle, whereas UT-A distribution was, again, variable and sparse. Chronic elevation of urea had variable, inconsistent effects on UT abundance. This study showed that urea must enter endothelial cells, probably by UT-B, to inhibit l-Arg transport. In view of the wide distribution of UT-B in rat vasculature, elevated blood urea nitrogen may lead to endothelial l-Arg deficiency in vivo.

Stimulation Of Prostacyclin Production In Aortic Endothelial Cells By A Non-Dialysable Serum Factor

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Hall ◽  
M Rafelson ◽  
K Wu
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Prostacyclin Production ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

The production of prostacyclin (PGI2) by vascular endothelial cells is thought to be of primary importance in maintaining normal hemostasis. We have investigated the production of prostacyclin in bovine arterial endothelial cells maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) containing 30% fetal calf serum. Intact, confluent monolayers of endothelial cells (3x106 cells) in passages 2 through 6 were used. The growth medium was removed and the cells were washed in DMEM that did not contain serum. 3 mls of medium alone or containing normal plasma or serum was then added and incubated at 37°C for 15 min. Then, 1 mg of arachidonic acid was added and the cells incubated for an additional hour. The test medium was removed, centrifuged to remove any loose cells and stored at -70°C. To determine the production of PGI2 by the endothelial cells, the medium was assayed for 6-keto-PGF1α, the stable metabolite of PGI2, by radioimmunoassay. The synthesis of prostacyclin by bovine aortic endothelial cells was significantly increased in a concentration dependent manner by both normal platelet poor plasma and normal serum. This increase in prostacyclin production was inhibited by both aspirin and indomethacin, indicating an increase in synthesis rather than the release of PGI2. Furthermore, this increase could be demonstrated in the presence or absence of added arachidonic acid. The active component in plasma and serum was non-dialysable, eliminating the possibility of a small compound such as bradykinin or angiotensin II. This active factor was present after freezing and thawing the plasma and serum and was heat stable (60°C, 5 min). The presence of an endogenous prostacyclin stimulating factor may be significant in the in vivo regulation of prostacyclin production.

scholarly journals Scavenger Receptors are Present on Rabbit Aortic Endothelial Cells In Vivo

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2369-2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Daugherty ◽  
Joseph A. Cornicelli ◽  
Kathryn Welch ◽  
Sandra M. Sendobry ◽  
Debra L. Rateri
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Scavenger Receptors ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

Improving Visualisation of In-Vivo Root Anatomy and Fluid Transport in Soil Using Iodinated Contrast in Synchrotron XCT and XRF

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callum Scotson ◽  
Katherine Williams ◽  
Daniel McKay Fletcher ◽  
Nicolai Koebernick ◽  
Arjen van Veelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>Synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SRXCT) imaging is a technique now commonly deployed for non-destructive 3D visualisation of root morphology in soil environments. However, visualising the internal anatomy of roots in soil using SRXCT can be difficult since the energy required for sufficient X-ray transmission through soil often results in poor contrast between root tissues. This reduces the amount of obtainable information about root anatomy and the effects of the soil environment on plant root internal structure. Contrast media is often used in SRXCT imaging to increase the contrast between tissues, enabling greater ease of both visualisation and image processing for internal structures of biological material.</p><p>In this work, we demonstrate that by introducing root material exposed to iodinated contrast media we can overcome these limitations and visualise internal root anatomy of in vivo roots intact within soil. To achieve this, we undertook time-resolved SRXCT imaging of juvenile maize plants growing in a specially designed growth system over a period of 24 hours. This system was designed such that only the base of the primary root would be suspended into iodinated contrast media whilst the rest of the root system remained in soil partially saturated with water, and the plant remained intact and alive. This enabled the basal section of primary root to take up iodinated contrast media without dispersal of the contrast media into the soil. Following the time-resolved imaging of the root system, leaf and stem material were then imaged using SRXCT and mapped using synchrotron X-ray florescence (SRXRF). Using this system, we were able to visualise and segment anatomical root features that are otherwise difficult to capture in vivo in soil using non-destructive 3D imaging such as vascular bundles (including phloem, xylem and proto-xylem) and structures within the cortex. We also gained inferences into fluid flow and transport within in vivo roots in soil based on this technique. The SRXCT imaging as well as the SRXRF mapping of stem and leaf material confirmed transport of the iodinated contrast media through plant vasculature and the distribution into leaf venation. This investigation demonstrates the quantity of data on internal root anatomy and fluid transport for in-vivo roots in soil that could be yielded from SRXCT and SRXRF in future.</p>

scholarly journals Novel Vascular Molecule Involved in Monocyte Adhesion to Aortic Endothelium in Models of Atherogenesis

1997 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 2069-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie M. McEvoy ◽  
Hailing Sun ◽  
Philip S. Tsao ◽  
John P. Cooke ◽  
Judith A. Berliner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Monocyte Adhesion ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Aortic Endothelium ◽  
Aortic Endothelial

Adhesion of monocytes to the endothelium in lesion-prone areas is one of the earliest events in fatty streak formation leading to atherogenesis. The molecular basis of increased monocyte adhesion is not fully characterized. We have identified a novel vascular monocyte adhesion-associated protein, VMAP-1, that plays a role in adhesion of monocytes to activated endothelium. Originally selected for its ability to block binding of a mouse monocyte-like cell line (WEHI78/24) to cytokine- or LPS-stimulated cultured mouse endothelial cells in vitro, antiVMAP-1 mAb LM151 cross-reacts with rabbit endothelium and blocks binding of human monocytes to cultured rabbit aortic endothelial cells stimulated with minimally modified low density lipoprotein, thought to be a physiologically relevant atherogenic stimulus. Most importantly, LM151 prevents adhesion of normal monocytes and monocytoid cells to intact aortic endothelium from cholesterol-fed rabbits in an ex vivo assay. VMAP-1 is a 50-kD protein. Immunohistology of vessels reveals focal constitutive expression in aorta and other large vessels. VMAP-1 is thus a novel vascular adhesion-associated protein that appears to play a critical role in monocyte adhesion to aortic endothelial cells in atherogenesis in vivo.

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