Toxicity of various antimicrobial essential oils assessed using Artemia salina and Daphnia magna

Essential oils from Calyptranthes pittieri (Lauraceae), Cinnamomum tonduzii (Lauraceae), Croton niveus and C. monteverdensis (Euphorbiaceae), Dendropanax arboreus (Araliaceae), Eugenia austin-smithii and E. haberi (Myrtaceae), Myrcianthes fragrans and M. rhopaloides (Myrtaceae), Nectandra membranacea (Lauraceae), Ocotea floribunda (Lauraceae), Oreopanax xalapensis (Araliaceae), Piper umbellatum (Piperaceae), Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), Stauranthus perforatus (Rutaceae), Zanthoxylum acuminatum, Z. melanostictum, Z. monophyllum, and Zanthoxylum sp. nov. “brillante” (Rutaceae), have been screened for cytotoxic activity against a panel of human tumor cell lines, antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality.

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Chemical profile, bactericidal in vitro potential and toxicity against Artemia salina Leach of essential oils obtained from natural condiments

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12898 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e58310212898

Author(s):

Thércia Gabrielle Teixeira Martins ◽

Paulo Victor Serra Rosa ◽

Ari Pereira de Araújo Neto ◽

Ana Maria Almeida Silva Carvalho ◽

Leila da Silva Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Low Cost ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Market Potential ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Profile ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Toxicity Assay ◽

Plant Materials

Interest in essential oils and their food applications has grown due to the negative reaction of consumers to synthetic chemical additives intentionally added in industrialized products in order to increase their shelf life. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile, toxicity to Artemia salina Leach and antibacterial activity in vitro of essential oils obtained from natural condiments on bacteria of clinical and food importance. Plant material was obtained in the municipality of São Luís-MA. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation at 100 °C/3 h. Folin Ciocalteau methodology was performed for the determination of total phenolics. The toxicity assay was performed using the artemia salina Leach lethality bioassay. Antimicrobial activity followed the methodology described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute using the Broth Disc Diffusion and Dilution Method for the action of essential oils against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The presence of bioactive classes in the plant materials used in this research was identified and the essential oils obtained were classified as nontoxic in the toxicity assay, presenting low lethality to the micro crustacean Artemia salina Leach. In the bactericidal activity assay, the essential oils of O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, C. zeylanicum showed significant results, classified as efficient against the microorganisms tested. Finally, the use of essential oils classified as active and nontoxic is highlighted in this study as alternatives in the control and combat of pathogenic microorganisms presenting a proposal of natural product with low cost of obtaining and high market potential.

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In vitro tracheospasmolytic effect and acute toxicity screening of Coptosapelta flavescens Korth root ’s water extract

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 949-954

Author(s):

Khemasili Kosala ◽

Sjarif Ismail ◽

Ika Fikriah ◽

Yovita Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Adrenergic Receptors ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Water Extract ◽

Relaxation Mechanism ◽

Tracheal Ring ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Toxicity Screening ◽

The Right

There are no data available regarding the bronchospasmolytic activity and toxicity of water extract of Coptosapelta flavescens Korth root (WECFR). Therefore, this study aimed to determine: a. the in vitro tracheospasmolytic effect of WECFR; b. safety of WECFR using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and immobilization of Daphnia magna larvae (IDL). In study, a guinea pig tracheal ring was contracted with methacholine and cumulative doses of WECFR solution were administered. A dose-response curve (DRC) was plotted of the percentage of the tracheal ring relaxation response. To test whether the relaxation mechanism occured through stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors, the tracheal ring was incubated with propranolol. Data analyzed using analysis of variance, showed that the DRC of WECFR was obtained with p < 0.05 compared to the DRC of control, indicating that WECFR had a tracheospasmolytic effect. The DRC for propranolol-blocked WECFR did not shift to the right compared to the DRC of WECFR, confirming that the relaxation mechanism did not occur through the beta2-adrenergic receptors. Study b. assessed safety using BSLT and IDL. After exposing the larvae to WECFR and control for 24 and 48 h, respectively, the number of dead larvae was counted. Data analyzed using Probit program, showed that the lethal dose 50 of WECFR towards Artemia salina and Daphnia magna larvae was > 1000 ppm, which means that it was not toxic. This studies demonstrate that WECFR exhibits tracheospasmolitic effect, but not through beta2-adrenergic receptors; WECFR is safe for Artemia salina and Daphnia magna larvae.

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TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM CHILEAN BOLDO SAMPES BY THE ARTEMIA SALINA BIOASSAY

10.17648/sian-2017-60705 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Wanderson Fernando Mello de Souza ◽

Gisele Santos de Souza ◽

Rutheneia Sofia José Tavares de Carvalho ◽

Ana Luísa de Souza Gomes ◽

Andressa Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Toxicological Evaluation

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