Toxicity assessment of metabolites of fungal biocontrol agents using two different (Artemia salina and Daphnia magna) invertebrate bioassays

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the toxicity of the extract obtained from the cyanobacterial cells derived from the waters of Zemborzycki dam reservoir with use of a battery of biotests. The taxonomic identiﬁcation of the bloom-forming cyanobacteria revealed high abundance of Aphanizomenon ﬂos-aquae and Dolichospermum spp. (Anabaena spp.) and in a lower degree of Microcystis aeruginosa and Planktothrix agardhii. In the extract obtained from concentrated cyanobacterial cells, hepatotoxin microcystin-LR at a concentration of 22.89 ± 3.74 μg/L and neurotoxin Antx-a at 13.02 ± 0.01 μg/L have been detected. Toxicity of the extract was evaluated with the following assays: Daphtoxkit F magna with the crustacean Daphnia magna, Thamnotoxkit F with the crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus, Rotoxkit F with the rotifer Brachionus calyciﬂorus and Protoxkit F with ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila. The most sensitive organism among all studied was T. platyurus for which EC50 was estimated to be 1.2% of the initial extract concentration. On the basis of the highest obtained value of the toxicity unit (TU = 83) the studied sample was classiﬁed to the IV class, which is of high acute toxicity. Additionally, it was found that reactivity on cyanobacterial products differs greatly among organisms used in bioassays, which indicate the need for using a set of biotests.

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Acute toxicity assessment of textile dyes and textile and dye industrial effluents using Daphnia magna bioassay

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233708095769 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 491-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Y Verma

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Aquatic Toxicity ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Textile Dyes ◽

Textile Mill ◽

Golden Yellow ◽

Excellent Method ◽

High Degree

Aquatic toxicity of textile dyes and textile and dye industrial effluents were evaluated in an acute toxicity study using Daphnia magna as an aquatic experimental animal model. The 48-h EC50 value for the azo dyes, Remazol Parrot Green was 55.32 mg/L and for Remazol Golden Yellow was 46.84 mg/L. Whereas 48-h EC50 values for three dye industrial effluents (D1, D2, and D3) were 14.12%, 15.52%, and 29.69%, respectively. Similarly, EC50 value for three textile mill effluents (T1, T2, and T3) were >100%, 62.97%, and 63.04%, respectively. These results also showed linear relationship with high degree of confidence ( r2 = >0.84 to >0.99) between immobility and test concentrations. The ratio of 24 to 48-h EC50 remains to be in between 1.1 and 1.2. The general criteria of toxicity classification showed that both dyes were minor acutely toxic having 48-h EC50 in between 10 and 100 mg/L. Of the six textile and dye industrial effluents tested, one was not acutely toxic (48-h EC50 > 100%) and five were minor acutely toxic (48-h EC50 > 14.12–29.69%). The toxicity classification of effluent based on toxic unit (TU) showed that of the six effluents tested five were found toxic (TU = >1) and one was non-toxic (TU = <1). Thus, dye effluents showed highest toxicity and textile effluents lowest toxicity. The study also suggested that the assay with D. magna was an excellent method for evaluation of aquatic toxicity of dyes and dyes containing industrial effluents.

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Acute and chronic toxicity assessment and the gene expression of Dhb, Vtg, Arnt, CYP4, and CYP314 in Daphnia magna exposed to pharmaceuticals

Molecular & Cellular Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s13273-015-0013-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 153-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Seung Hyuck Bang ◽

Ji-Young Ahn ◽

Nam-Hui Hong ◽

Simranjeet Singh Sekhon ◽

Yang-Hoon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity

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Toxicity assessment of polluted sediments using swimming behavior alteration test with Daphnia magna

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/107/1/012068 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 012068 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O V Nikitin ◽

E I Nasyrova ◽

V R Nuriakhmetova ◽

N Yu Stepanova ◽

N V Danilova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Swimming Behavior ◽

Polluted Sediments

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Toxicity of various antimicrobial essential oils assessed using Artemia salina and Daphnia magna

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1331 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 258 ◽

pp. S68

Author(s):

O. Olaru ◽

M. Ivopol ◽

G. Nitulescu ◽

A. Dune ◽

I. Calinescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Artemia Salina

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Toxicity assessment of textile effluents treated by advanced oxidative process (UV/TiO2 and UV/TiO2/H2O2) in the species Artemia salina L.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10661-012-2698-6 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 185 (3) ◽

pp. 2179-2187 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Juliana Carla Garcia ◽

Thábata Karoliny Formicoly de Souza Freitas ◽

Soraya Moreno Palácio ◽

Elizangela Ambrósio ◽

Maísa Tatiane Ferreira Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artemia Salina ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Oxidative Process ◽

Textile Effluents ◽

Advanced Oxidative Process

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Effective removal of fly ash by Penicillium chrysogenum and determination of direct fly ash toxicity with Daphnia magna

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.303 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Burcu Ertit Taştan

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Fungal Species ◽

High Concentration ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Concentration Maximum ◽

Effective Removal ◽

Effect Level

Abstract This study demonstrates the removal of fly ash with Penicillium chrysogenum, a newly isolated species of fungus, and acute toxicity assessment with Daphnia magna. In the study, two different removal mechanisms were compared, both bio-removal and bio-sorption. Six different ash and three different biomass concentrations were used simultaneously. Although other fungal species in the literature failed at such a high concentration of fly ash, P. chrysogenum was able to tolerate it even at 10% concentration. The highest bio-removal yield was recorded as 100% at 0.5% fly ash concentration. Maximum bio-sorption yield was 95.27% after 24th hour. The evaluation results of fly ash bio-toxicity by D. magna showed that the no observed effect level (NOEL) was 0.2 mg/L and the low observed effect level (LOEL) was 0.5 mg/L. The element analysis, determined by ED-XRF, clarified that Ca, Si, Fe and S were the common elements in this ash. This is the first study in the literature where fly ash removal was carried out using P. chrysogenum for both bio-removal and bio-sorption and needs to be developed in the future.

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