In vitro antiviral activity of dehydroepiandrosterone and its synthetic derivatives against vesicular stomatitis virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Romanutti ◽  
Andrea C. Bruttomesso ◽  
Viviana Castilla ◽  
Juan A. Bisceglia ◽  
Lydia R. Galagovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives

scholarly journals Study of Glutoxim antiviral activity in the fibroblast cell line infected with vesicular stomatitis virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сергей Ожерелков ◽  
Sergey Ozherelkov ◽  
Татьяна Кожевникова ◽  
Tat'yana Kozhevnikova ◽  
Александр Санин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Cytopathic Action ◽  
Fibroblast Cell Lines

New strategy for the treatment of animal infectious diseases is based upon the modulation of the host immune response in order to enhance the clearance of infectious agents and reduce the damaging effects of inflammation in the tissues. The modern approach to the use of immunomodulators (IMD) in veterinary practice consists in the usage of such drugs, which are not only immunomodulating, but also have antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hemostimulating and/or other important properties. The aim of the study was to identify possible antiviral activity of known IMD Glutoxim (GLT) during infection of diploid fibroblast cell lines M-8 and M-22 with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Materials and methods: VSV, strain Indiana, was used. Antiviral activity of GLT investigated: 1) at doses recommended for experiments in vitro: 1, 4 and 8 µg/ml; 2) at low doses: 0,1; 0,25 and 0,5 µg/ml. GLT was added to the cell monolayer according to preventive (for 24 hours prior to VSV infection of cells) and treatment (unanimous with VSV infection) protocols. The antiviral activity of GLT was assessed by the following criteria: ability of the drug to prevent the development of virus cytopathic action, to inhibit the reproduction of VSV, and by expessing virucidal action. Results: GLT in doses recommended for in vitro experiments (1, 4, 8 µg/ml) did not delay the development of a specific virus-induced cytopathic action. The VSV titers in infected cells in the presence of GLT did not differ from those in the control cell lines infected with VSV without the addition of GLT. The latter had no virucidal effect against the VSV. Inoculation of GLT into the cell culture at low doses of 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml led to a significant (more than 100-fold) inhibition of VSV replication 24 hours after infection of cells. At later stages, 40 and 48 hours following infection, the antiviral effect of GLT was not detected. Thus, we established that GLT possesses antiviral effect in vitro, which is manifested 24 hours following infection of diploid fibroblast cell lines with VSV.

scholarly journals Natural killer T cell immunotherapy combined with oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus or reovirus treatments differentially increases survival in mouse models of ovarian and breast cancer metastasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e002096
Author(s):  
Simon Gebremeskel ◽  
Adam Nelson ◽  
Brynn Walker ◽  
Tora Oliphant ◽  
Lynnea Lobert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Nkt Cell ◽  
Cell Immunotherapy ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Better Than

BackgroundOncolytic viruses reduce tumor burden in animal models and have generated promising results in clinical trials. However, it is likely that oncolytic viruses will be more effective when used in combination with other therapies. Current therapeutic approaches, including chemotherapeutics, come with dose-limiting toxicities. Another option is to combine oncolytic viruses with immunotherapeutic approaches.MethodsUsing experimental models of metastatic 4T1 breast cancer and ID8 ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis, we examined natural killer T (NKT) cell-based immunotherapy in combination with recombinant oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or reovirus. 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells or ID8 ovarian cancer cells were injected into syngeneic mice. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with VSV or reovirus followed by activation of NKT cells via the intravenous administration of autologous dendritic cells loaded with the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide. The effects of VSV and reovirus on immunogenic cell death (ICD), cell viability and immunogenicity were tested in vitro.ResultsVSV or reovirus treatments followed by NKT cell activation mediated greater survival in the ID8 model than individual therapies. The regimen was less effective when the treatment order was reversed, delivering virus treatments after NKT cell activation. In the 4T1 model, VSV combined with NKT cell activation increased overall survival and decreased metastatic burden better than individual treatments. In contrast, reovirus was not effective on its own or in combination with NKT cell activation. In vitro, VSV killed a panel of tumor lines better than reovirus. VSV infection also elicited greater increases in mRNA transcripts for proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and antigen presentation machinery compared with reovirus. Oncolytic VSV also induced the key hallmarks of ICD (calreticulin mobilization, plus release of ATP and HMGB1), while reovirus only mobilized calreticulin.ConclusionTaken together, these results demonstrate that oncolytic VSV and NKT cell immunotherapy can be effectively combined to decrease tumor burden in models of metastatic breast and ovarian cancers. Oncolytic VSV and reovirus induced differential responses in our models which may relate to differences in virus activity or tumor susceptibility.

scholarly journals Comparison of Four SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assays

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Lydia Riepler ◽  
Annika Rössler ◽  
Albert Falch ◽  
André Volland ◽  
Wegene Borena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Neutralizing antibodies are a major correlate of protection for many viruses including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Thus, vaccine candidates should potently induce neutralizing antibodies to render effective protection from infection. A variety of in vitro assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies has been described. However, validation of the different assays against each other is important to allow comparison of different studies. Here, we compared four different SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays using the same set of patient samples. Two assays used replication competent SARS-CoV-2, a focus forming assay and a TCID50-based assay, while the other two assays used replication defective lentiviral or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based particles pseudotyped with SARS-CoV-2 spike. All assays were robust and produced highly reproducible neutralization titers. Titers of neutralizing antibodies correlated well between the different assays and with the titers of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein binding antibodies detected in an ELISA. Our study showed that commonly used SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays are robust and that results obtained with different assays are comparable.

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