By introducing biomaterials and stem cells into Parkinson’s disease (PD), therapeutic approaches have led to promising results due to facilitating brain targeting and blood–brain barrier permeation of the drugs and genes. Here, after reviewing the most recent drug- and gene-delivery vehicles including liposomes, exosomes, natural/synthetic polymeric particles/fibers, metallic/ceramic nanoparticles and microbubbles, used for Parkinson’s disease treatment, the effect of stem cells as a reservoir of neurotrophic factors and exosomes is provided.
Gut microbiota mediates the absorption of FLZ, a new drug for Parkinson’s disease treatment
