scholarly journals Protective efficacy of a novel alpha hemolysin subunit vaccine (AT62) against Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections

Vaccine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (50) ◽  
pp. 6402-6407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan P. Adhikari ◽  
Christopher D. Thompson ◽  
M. Javad Aman ◽  
Jean C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Alpha Hemolysin

scholarly journals Role of Antibodies in Protection Elicited by Active Vaccination with Genetically Inactivated Alpha Hemolysin in a Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 622-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Mocca ◽  
Rebecca A. Brady ◽  
Drusilla L. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alpha Hemolysin ◽  
Active Vaccination

ABSTRACTDue to the emergence of highly virulent community-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA) infections,S. aureushas become a major threat to public health. A majority of CA-MRSA skin and soft tissue infections in the United States are caused byS. aureusUSA300 strains that are known to produce high levels of alpha hemolysin (Hla). Therefore, vaccines that contain inactivated forms of this toxin are currently being developed. In this study, we sought to determine the immune mechanisms of protection for this antigen using a vaccine composed of a genetically inactivated form of Hla (HlaH35L). Using a murine model of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), we found that BALB/c mice were protected by vaccination with HlaH35L; however, Jh mice, which are deficient in mature B lymphocytes and lack IgM and IgG in their serum, were not protected. Passive immunization with anti-HlaH35L antibodies conferred protection against bacterial colonization. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between the total antibody concentration induced by active vaccination and reduced bacterial levels. Animals that developed detectable neutralizing antibody titers after active vaccination were significantly protected from infection. These data demonstrate that antibodies to Hla represent the major mechanism of protection afforded by active vaccination with inactivated Hla in this murine model of SSTI, and in this disease model, antibody levels correlate with protection. These results provide important information for the future development and evaluation ofS. aureusvaccines.

scholarly journals Effects of Staphylococcus aureus hemolysin toxins on blood cells and association with skin and soft tissue infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-160
Author(s):  
Adnan Shahid ◽  
Afsheen Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Alpha Hemolysin ◽  
Accessory Gene Regulator ◽  
Keywords Mrsa ◽  
The Family ◽  
Enhanced Expression

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is gram positive, catalase positive cocci which belongs to the family of Staphylococcaceae and is long known as clinical and foodborne pathogen. The emergence of multidrug resistance strain of S. aureus which is methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) challenges the health care system because it can cause wide variety of hospital and community acquired skin and soft tissue infections which are difficult to treat. The virulence of S. aureus is because of different factors which includes toxins, enzymes and superantigens. S. aureus produce variety of exotoxins, enterotoxins and exfoliative toxins which contributes to the virulence of S. aureus. Hemolysin toxins produce by S. aureus strains are associated with different skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and can cause the lysis of RBCs. Hemolysins are regulated by accessory gene regulator (agr) and is required for the enhanced expression of virulence factors secreted by S. aureus. Hemolysins have leucolytic activity and can help in iron scavenging from host. The most important toxin is alpha hemolysin which can induce the apoptosis and cause the lysis of epithelial cells, erythrocytes and keratinocytes. Human immune cells are affected by beta hemolysin and gamma hemolysin is a biocomponent toxin. Delta hemolysin is low molecular weight exotoxin which belongs to the class of phenol soluble modulins. Keywords: MRSA, Exotoxins, Hemolysins, SSTIs

scholarly journals Community acquired MRSA infections in a paediatric population in Greece

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Vourli ◽  
D Perimeni ◽  
A Makri ◽  
M Polemis ◽  
A Voyiatzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

We investigated the characteristics of 20 community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated in a paediatric hospital in Athens. Eighteen of these, all isolated from skin and soft tissue infections, carried the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) determinants. They all were found resistant to fusidic acid, tetracycline and kanamycin, and displayed a PFGE pattern identical to that of the well-described ST80 CA-MRSA clone circulating in various European countries.

scholarly journals ST93-Queensland community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone in France: outbreak in a scout camp and sporadic cases, July to August 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
T X Nhan ◽  
M Bes ◽  
H Meugnier ◽  
L Toko ◽  
G Julienne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

We describe the occurrence in France of a Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST93 clone, a predominant community-acquired (CA)-MRSA in Australia. In July to August 2012, an outbreak in a scout camp (n=3) and sporadic cases (n=2) of skin and soft tissue infections were reported. Investigations suggested importation of the clone through travel and onward transmission. This illustrates the epidemic potential of this lineage and the role of travellers in the spread of PVL-positive CA-MRSA.

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