scholarly journals A novel eight amino acid insertion contributes to the hemagglutinin cleavability and the virulence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N3) virus in mice

Virology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjie Sun ◽  
Jessica A. Belser ◽  
Terrence M. Tumpey
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Lopez-Martinez ◽  
Amanda Balish ◽  
Gisela Barrera-Badillo ◽  
Joyce Jones ◽  
Tatiana E. Nuñez-García ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 2105-2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Watanabe ◽  
Madiha S. Ibrahim ◽  
Hany F. Ellakany ◽  
Hatem S. Abd El-Hamid ◽  
Kazuyoshi Ikuta

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus subtype H5N1 can potentially generate novel variants during replication of infected hosts. To determine which H5N1 variants predominate in wild birds, we determined the sequences of RT-PCR amplified viral genes from several organs of infected chickens and ducks from Egypt, where H5N1 outbreaks in birds are endemic. Comparison of the sequences in viruses from trachea, lung, brain and liver revealed diversification with different amino acid substitutions in different ducks, but no diversification in chickens. These specific amino acid substitutions were rare among viruses currently circulating in Egypt. In addition, the H5N1 variants showed distinct growth kinetics in duck, canine and human cells. Our findings suggested that ducks can generate H5N1 variants with novel amino acid substitutions that might serve as aetiological agents for new influenza virus outbreaks and epidemics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2966-2969
Author(s):  
Sungsu Youk ◽  
Dong-Hun Lee ◽  
Mary L. Killian ◽  
Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood ◽  
David E. Swayne ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Madslien ◽  
Torfinn Moldal ◽  
Britt Gjerset ◽  
Sveinn Gudmundsson ◽  
Arne Follestad ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Several outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) caused by influenza A virus of subtype H5N8 have been reported in wild birds and poultry in Europe during autumn 2020. Norway is one of the few countries in Europe that had not previously detected HPAI virus, despite widespread active monitoring of both domestic and wild birds since 2005. Results We report detection of HPAI virus subtype H5N8 in a wild pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), and several other geese, ducks and a gull, from south-western Norway in November and December 2020. Despite previous reports of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), this constitutes the first detections of HPAI in Norway. Conclusions The mode of introduction is unclear, but a northward migration of infected geese or gulls from Denmark or the Netherlands during the autumn of 2020 is currently our main hypothesis for the introduction of HPAI to Norway. The presence of HPAI in wild birds constitutes a new, and ongoing, threat to the Norwegian poultry industry, and compliance with the improved biosecurity measures on poultry farms should therefore be ensured. [MK1]Finally, although HPAI of subtype H5N8 has been reported to have very low zoonotic potential, this is a reminder that HPAI with greater zoonotic potential in wild birds may pose a threat in the future. [MK1]Updated with a sentence emphasizing the risk HPAI pose to poultry farms, both in the Abstract and in the Conclusion-section in main text, as suggested by Reviewer 1 (#7).


2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Haider ◽  
K. Sturm-Ramirez ◽  
S. U. Khan ◽  
M. Z. Rahman ◽  
S. Sarkar ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Ryoung Kim ◽  
Yong-Kuk Kwon ◽  
Il Jang ◽  
Youn-Jeong Lee ◽  
Hyun-Mi Kang ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfei Zhu ◽  
Jianfang Zhou ◽  
Zi Li ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Xiyan Li ◽  
...  

With no or low virulence in poultry, avian influenza A(H7N9) virus has caused severe infections in humans. In the current fifth epidemic wave, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N9 virus emerged. The insertion of four amino acids (KRTA) at the haemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site enabled trypsin-independent infectivity of this virus. Although maintaining dual receptor-binding preference, its HA antigenicity was distinct from low-pathogenic avian influenza A(H7N9). The neuraminidase substitution R292K conferred a multidrug resistance phenotype.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2135-2140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen S. Arriola ◽  
Deborah I. Nelson ◽  
Thomas J. Deliberto ◽  
Lenee Blanton ◽  
Krista Kniss ◽  
...  

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