scholarly journals Endogeneity in water use behaviour across case studies of household water treatment adoption in developing countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 100385
Author(s):  
D. Daniel ◽  
Saket Pande ◽  
Luuk Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Household Water

Hypochlorite Solution Expiration and Stability in Household Water Treatment in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lantagne ◽  
K. Preston ◽  
E. Blanton ◽  
N. Kotlarz ◽  
H. Gezagehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Household Water

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of two household water treatment devices that use monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 950-960
Author(s):  
Kyle S. Enger ◽  
Emaly S. Leak ◽  
Tiong Gim Aw ◽  
Angela D. Coulliette ◽  
Joan B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Bacteriophage Ms2 ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Many different household water treatment (HWT) methods have been researched and promoted to mitigate the serious burden of diarrheal disease in developing countries. However, HWT methods using bromine have not been extensively evaluated. Two gravity-fed HWT devices (AquaSure™ and Waterbird™) were used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of HaloPure® Br beads (monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene) that deliver bromine. As water flows over the beads, reactive bromine species are eluted, which inactivate microorganisms. To assess log10 reduction values (LRVs) for Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium, bacteriophage MS2, human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2), and murine norovirus (MN), these organisms were added to potable water and sewage-contaminated water. These organisms were quantified before and after water treatment by the HWT devices. On average, 6 LRVs against Vibrio were attained, as well as 5 LRVs against Salmonella, 4 LRVs against MS2, 5 LRVs against HAdV2, and 3 LRVs against MN. Disinfection was similar regardless of whether sewage was present. Polymer beads delivering bromine to drinking water are a potentially effective and useful component of HWT methods in developing countries.

scholarly journals Estimating the costs and health benefits of water and sanitation improvements at global level

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Haller ◽  
Guy Hutton ◽  
Jamie Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Household Water

The aim of this study was to estimate the costs and the health benefits of the following interventions: increasing access to improved water supply and sanitation facilities, increasing access to in house piped water and sewerage connection, and providing household water treatment, in ten WHO sub-regions. The cost-effectiveness of each intervention was assessed in terms of US dollars per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted. This analysis found that almost all interventions were cost-effective, especially in developing countries with high mortality rates. The estimated cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) varied between US$20 per DALY averted for disinfection at point of use to US$13,000 per DALY averted for improved water and sanitation facilities. While increasing access to piped water supply and sewage connections on plot was the intervention that had the largest health impact across all sub-regions, household water treatment was found to be the most cost-effective intervention. A policy shift to include better household water quality management to complement the continuing expansion of coverage and upgrading of services would appear to be a cost-effective health intervention in many developing countries.

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