Cigarette smoking and testosterone in men and women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Gender differences in symptomatology in people with psychosis have been studied extensively in last decades. Previous narrative reviews have shown some evidence of gender differences in depressive, negative and paranoid symptoms, but yielding inconclusive findings. These reviews are limited by not doing systematic searches nor performing quantitative synthesis of the evidence. Therefore, we aimed to systematically investigate if there are gender differences in symptoms in people with psychosis. We describe the protocol for a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis comparing a range of symptomatic outcome measures between men and women diagnosed with a psychotic spectrum disorder at different stages of the disorder (ultra-high risk for psychosis, early psychosis and established psychosis) in observational studies.

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Maternal cigarette smoking and cleft lip and palate: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.06.10.21258688 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew John Fell ◽

Kyle Dack ◽

Shaheel Chummun ◽

Yvonne Wren ◽

Jonathan Sandy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Maternal Smoking ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity

ABSTRACT Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between active maternal smoking and cleft lip and palate etiology. Data Sources: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane database from inception to November 2020. Study selection: Observational studies of cigarette smoking habits in pregnant women. Outcomes included cleft lip and/or palate, cleft lip +- palate and cleft palate only. Data analysis: Publication bias analyses were performed and the Newcastle Ottawa scales were used to assess study quality. Fixed or random effect models were used in the meta-analysis, dependent on risk of statistical heterogeneity. Results: Forty-five studies were eligible for inclusion of which 11 were cohort and 34 were case-control studies. Sixteen studies were of sufficient standard for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The summary odds ratio for the association between smoking and cleft lip and/or palate was 1.42 (95%CI 1.27 to 1.59) with a population attributable fraction of 4% (95%CI 3% - 5%). There was limited evidence to show a dose-response effect of smoking. Conclusions: This review reports a moderate association between maternal smoking and orofacial cleft but the overall quality of the conventional observational studies included was poor. There is a need for high quality and novel research strategies to further define the role of smoking in the etiology of cleft lip and palate.

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Maternal Cigarette Smoking and Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/10556656211040015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105566562110400

Author(s):

Matthew Fell ◽

Kyle Dack ◽

Shaheel Chummun ◽

Jonathan Sandy ◽

Yvonne Wren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Maternal Smoking ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity

A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between active maternal smoking and cleft lip and palate etiology. Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from inception to November, 2020. Observational studies of cigarette smoking habits in pregnant women. Outcomes included cleft lip and/or palate, cleft lip ± palate and cleft palate only. Publication bias analyses were performed and the Newcastle Ottawa scales were used to assess study quality. Fixed or random effect models were used in the meta-analysis, dependent on risk of statistical heterogeneity. Forty-five studies were eligible for inclusion of which 11 were cohort and 34 were case–control studies. Sixteen studies were of sufficient standard for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The summary odds ratio for the association between smoking and cleft lip and/or palate was 1.42 (95%CI 1.27-1.59) with a population attributable fraction of 4% (95%CI 3%-5%). There was limited evidence to show a dose–response effect of smoking. This review reports a moderate association between maternal smoking and orofacial cleft but the overall quality of the conventional observational studies included was poor. There is a need for high quality and novel research strategies to further define the role of smoking in the etiology of cleft lip and palate.

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The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of central obesity in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000648 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (5-6) ◽

pp. 535-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi ◽

Mahdi Vajdi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Weighted Mean Difference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inflammatory Status ◽

Obesity Indices

Abstract. Backgrounds: Central obesity, as a pivotal component of metabolic syndrome is associated with numerous co-morbidities. Dietary factors influence central obesity by increased inflammatory status. However, recent studies didn’t evaluate the association between central obesity and dietary inflammation index (DII®) that give score to dietary factors according to their inflammatory potential. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the studies that investigated the association between DII® with central obesity indices in the general populations. Methods: In a systematic search from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences and Cochrane electronic databases, we collected relevant studies written in English and published until 30 October 2019. The population of included studies were apparently healthy subjects or individuals with obesity or obesity-related diseases. Observational studies that evaluated the association between DII® and indices of central obesity including WC or WHR were included. Results: Totally thirty-two studies were included; thirty studies were cross-sectional and two were cohort studies with 103071 participants. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that higher DII® scores were associated with 1.81 cm increase in WC (Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.813; CI: 0.785–2.841; p = 0.001). Also, a non-significant increase in the odds of having higher WC (OR = 1.162; CI: 0.95–1.43; p = 0.154) in the highest DII category was also observed. In subgroup analysis, the continent, dietary assessment tool and gender were the heterogeneity sources. Conclusion: The findings proposed that adherence to diets with high DII® scores was associated with increased WC. Further studies with interventional designs are necessary to elucidate the causality inference between DII® and central obesity indices.

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