We have examined whether maintenance of the cardiac action potential duration depends exclusively on energy from glycolysis. Oxidative phosphorylation in guinea pig papillary muscles was inhibited by superfusion with hypoxic solutions. After 60 min in 50 mM glucose solution, the action potential duration was 85% of aerobic control, but ATP content was only 25%; after 60 min in 0 mM glucose, both the duration and ATP content had declined to 15% control. When the glucose concentration of hypoxic solution was raised from 0 to 50 mM, there was nearly full recovery of the action potential duration but ATP only increased to about 25% control. We attribute action potential shortening during metabolic inhibition to suppression of calcium current and activation of potassium current; the latter are graded in intensity and expressed only at low ATP. When normoxic muscle was treated with 20 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) to inhibit glycolysis, there was an early transient shortening of the action potential. This was attributed to ATP consumption related to early rapid 2-DG influx and phosphorylation. After the transient, the action potential duration was maintained for several hours in oxygenated 2-DG solution. The duration was also maintained in oxygenated muscle depleted of glycolytic substrate. Thus we found no evidence of an exclusive relation between action potential duration and glycolysis.
Modulating L-type calcium current affects discontinuous cardiac action potential conduction