Lidocaine and articaine onset and duration comparison

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-376
Keyword(s):  
Duration Comparison

Feedback versus an Illusion in Time

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald G Jamieson ◽  
William M Petrusic
Keyword(s):  
Presentation Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Information Feedback ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Time Order ◽  
Extended Practice ◽  
Duration Comparison ◽  
Response Biases

The accuracy of many perceptual comparisons depends greatly on the order in which the to-be-compared stimuli are presented. With comparisons of durations around 300 ms, these presentation-order effects do not diminish, even with extended practice, when feedback about response accuracy is withheld. Providing such feedback greatly diminishes presentation-order effects and coincidentally produces substantial increases in response accuracy. The feedback acts in part through inducing response biases and in part through changes in sensitivity. The contradiction between studies which report time-order errors in duration comparison and those which do not is attributable to differences in the use of information feedback.

An In-Use Evaluation of an Alcohol-Based Pre-Surgical Hand Disinfectant

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Bryce ◽  
Darlene Spence ◽  
Frederick J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Hand Disinfection ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skin Integrity ◽  
User Acceptability ◽  
Duration Comparison

AbstractObjective:To determine whether alcohol hand disinfection is an effective alternative to traditional agents for the pre-surgical scrub.Design:A prospective clinical trial of a 70% isopropanol pre-surgical hand disinfectant.Setting:The operating room suites at two hospital sites in British Columbia.Methods:Cases were selected to evaluate both short and longer procedures. The hand disinfectant was compared to agents in current use as surgical scrubs (4% chlorhexidine and 7.5% povidone-iodine). Surgical technique and glove use were not modified. Pre- and postoperative fingertip impression and “glove-juice” cultures were used to determine microbial burden, and hands were evaluated for skin integrity.Results:There was no statistical difference between the microbial hand counts following use of the alcohol-based product or the current agents, for cases less than 2 hours' duration. Comparison of longer surgical cases revealed significantly better pre- and postoperative culture results with the alcohol hand rinse, but analysis of matched pairs showed no significant difference in microbial counts. The alcohol hand rinse was equivalent to the operative scrub in terms of skin integrity and user acceptability.Conclusion:An alcohol hand rinse was equivalently effective in reducing microbial hand counts as the traditional pre-surgical scrub, both immediately after hand disinfection and at the end of the surgical procedure.

Timing Flickers across Sensory Modalities

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6362 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1144-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Mario Vicario ◽  
Gaetano Rappo ◽  
Anna Maria Pepi ◽  
Massimiliano Oliveri
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Comparison Task ◽  
Subjective Duration ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Visual Distractors ◽  
Duration Comparison ◽  
Auditory Distractors

In tasks requiring a comparison of the duration of a reference and a test visual cue, the spatial position of test cue is likely to be implicitly coded, providing a form of a congruency effect or introducing a response bias according to the environmental scale or its vectorial reference. The precise mechanism generating these perceptual shifts in subjective duration is not understood, although several studies suggest that spatial attentional factors may play a critical role. Here we use a duration comparison task within and across sensory modalities to examine if temporal performance is also modulated when people are exposed to spatial distractors involving different sensory modalities. Different groups of healthy participants performed duration comparison tasks in separate sessions: a time comparison task of visual stimuli during exposure to spatially presented auditory distractors; and a time comparison task of auditory stimuli during exposure to spatially presented visual distractors. We found the duration of visual stimuli biased depending on the spatial position of auditory distractors. Observers underestimated the duration of stimuli presented in the left spatial field, while there was an overestimation trend in estimating the duration of stimuli presented in the right spatial field. In contrast, timing of auditory stimuli was unaffected by exposure to visual distractors. These results support the existence of multisensory interactions between space and time showing that, in cross-modal paradigms, the presence of auditory distractors can modify visuo-temporal perception but not vice versa. This asymmetry is discussed in terms of sensory–perceptual differences between the two systems.

Aural Symptoms and Hearing Loss in Patients with Lupus

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEIL M. SPERLING ◽  
KEVIN TEHRANI ◽  
ANNE LIEBLING ◽  
ELLEN GINZLER
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Duration Comparison

OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus causes widespread tissue injury from deposition of immune complexes. The prevalence of aural symptoms in this disease was evaluated. METHODS: The presence of tinnitus, hearing loss, and fluctuating hearing was evaluated by a self-directed questionnaire in patients aged 65 or less from a lupus clinic. Patients reporting aural symptoms were compared with those reporting none, by use of demographics and disease duration. Comparison was also made with historic serologic data. Audiometry was offered to all patients with lupus reporting aural symptoms and was completed in 10. RESULTS: Twenty-six (31%) of 84 patients with lupus reported aural symptoms. Patients reported a combination of symptoms: unilateral hearing loss with or without tinnitus in 13 (15%) of 84 and bilateral hearing loss with or without tinnitus in 14 (17%) of 84. No statistical difference was measured between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients when compared by average age, duration of disease, history of noise exposure, head trauma, and infectious ear diseases. Statistically significant differences were detected only when comparing average creatinine and C3 levels. Of those patients tested by audiometry, 7 of 10 had abnormal pure-tone thresholds. Asymmetric findings were present in 6 of these 7 patients tested. CONCLUSION: Aural symptoms are prevalent among patients with lupus. Asymmetric symptoms and hearing loss are most common. The cause may relate to immune-complex disease and/or vasculitis.

scholarly journals Hollow-core precast and two-way solid slabs: Cost estimation and time duration comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Osamah Sarhan ◽  
Mahdy Raslan ◽  
Gazi Tallawi
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hollow Core Slab ◽  
Duration Comparison ◽  
The Cost

Time and cost are important factors affecting the successful completion of the construction building project. This study analyses and examines the cost and time comparison of precast and cast-in-situ slabs of a particular building. Taking into account that slab is one of the important structural members, this study will take the hollow core slab in particular which can define as precast prestressed concrete elements contain an empty void inside of it which mostly used for floor, roof slabs and wall panels. The results demonstrate that the precast slab construction time is extremely faster in comparison with the cast-in-situ slab as it took around 31 of working days and 43 days in total after considering the holidays while the precast slab took around 9 working days only and 13 days in total. The results also show that the cast-in-situ slab is inferior in both cost and time duration. As cast-in-situ cost is 3.76 times higher than the precast slab, and the time duration is 3.31 times longer.

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