Noble gas isotopic ratios from historical lavas and fumaroles at Mount Vesuvius (southern Italy): constraints for current and future volcanic activity

1998 ◽  
Vol 164 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Tedesco ◽  
Keisuke Nagao ◽  
Paolo Scarsi
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Isotopic Ratios

Tsunami and tephra deposits record interactions between past eruptive activity and landslides at Stromboli volcano, Italy

Geology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pistolesi ◽  
Antonella Bertagnini ◽  
Alessio Di Roberto ◽  
Maurizio Ripepe ◽  
Mauro Rosi
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Stromboli Volcano ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Flank Collapse ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Volcanic Islands ◽  
Volcaniclastic Deposits

Abstract Devastation associated with tsunamis is well known on the global scale. Flank collapse at volcanic islands is among the mechanisms triggering tsunamis, but very few examples document interaction between landslides and volcanic activity. The study of three well-preserved medieval tsunami deposits recently discovered along the coast of Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, southern Italy) enabled a detailed characterization of the tsunami sequences intercalated with volcaniclastic deposits and primary tephra and allowed reconstruction of the likely sequence of volcanic events. In one case, a violent explosion possibly preceded the tsunami, whereas in the youngest event, the lateral collapse of the volcano flank triggered a tsunami wave that was rapidly followed by sustained explosive magmatic activity and ensuing prolonged ash venting. The hypothesized tsunami-triggering dynamics suggests a close link between volcanic activity and flank collapse, further confirming that the persistent activity at Stromboli makes the volcano particularly susceptible to tsunami generation.

scholarly journals Determining the origin of the building blocks of the Ice Giants based on analogue measurements from comets

2019 ◽  
Vol 491 (1) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Mandt ◽  
O Mousis ◽  
S Treat
Keyword(s):  
Noble Gas ◽  
Giant Planet ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Comet 67P

ABSTRACT The abundances of the heavy elements and isotopic ratios in the present atmospheres of the giant planets can be used to trace the composition of volatiles that were present in the icy solid material that contributed to their formation. The first definitive measurements of noble gas abundances and isotope ratios at comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (67P/C–G) were recently published by Marty et al. (2017) and Rubin et al. (2018, 2019). The implications of these abundances for the formation conditions of the 67P/C–G building blocks were then evaluated by Mousis et al. (2018a). We add here an analysis of the implications of these results for understanding the formation conditions of the building blocks of the Ice Giants and discuss how future measurements of Ice Giant atmospheric composition can be interpreted. We first evaluate the best approach for comparing comet observations with giant planet composition, and then determine what would be the current composition of the Ice Giant atmospheres based on four potential sources for their building blocks. We provide four scenarios for the origin of the Ice Giants building blocks based on four primary constraints for building block composition: (1) the bulk abundance of carbon relative to nitrogen, (2) noble gas abundances relative to carbon and nitrogen, (3) abundance ratios Kr/Ar and Xe/Ar, and (4) Xe isotopic ratios. In situ measurements of these quantities by a Galileo-like entry probe in the atmosphere(s) of Uranus and/or Neptune should place important constraints on the formation conditions of the Ice Giants.

Noble Gases: A Record of Earth's Evolution and Mantle Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujoy Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Rita Parai
Keyword(s):  
Noble Gases ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Mantle Structure ◽  
Mantle Dynamics ◽  
Mid Ocean Ridge ◽  
Giant Impacts ◽  
Ocean Ridge ◽  
Helium Neon

Noble gases have played a key role in our understanding of the origin of Earth's volatiles, mantle structure, and long-term degassing of the mantle. Here we synthesize new insights into these topics gained from high-precision noble gas data. Our analysis reveals new constraints on the origin of the terrestrial atmosphere, the presence of nebular neon but chondritic krypton and xenon in the mantle, and a memory of multiple giant impacts during accretion. Furthermore, the reservoir supplying primordial noble gases to plumes appears to be distinct from the mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) reservoir since at least 4.45 Ga. While differences between the MORB mantle and plume mantle cannot be explained solely by recycling of atmospheric volatiles, injection and incorporation of atmospheric-derived noble gases into both mantle reservoirs occurred over Earth history. In the MORB mantle, the atmospheric-derived noble gases are observed to be heterogeneously distributed, reflecting inefficient mixing even within the vigorously convecting MORB mantle. ▪ Primordial noble gases in the atmosphere were largely derived from planetesimals delivered after the Moon-forming giant impact. ▪ Heterogeneities dating back to Earth's accretion are preserved in the present-day mantle. ▪ Mid-ocean ridge basalts and plume xenon isotopic ratios cannot be related by differential degassing or differential incorporation of recycled atmospheric volatiles. ▪ Differences in mid-ocean ridge basalts and plume radiogenic helium, neon, and argon ratios can be explained through the lens of differential long-term degassing.

Noble gas monitoring at the seemingly inactive Ciomadul volcano, Eastern Carpathians, Romania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglarka-Mercedesz Kis ◽  
Szabolcs Harangi ◽  
László Palcsu ◽  
Botond Hegyeli
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Quaternary Volcanism ◽  
Eastern Carpathians

<p>The Ciomadul volcano is the youngest volcano (32 ka) built by the Neogene volcanism in the Carpathian-Pannonian Region. This volcanic area is characterized by intense gas emissions (Kis et al., 2017) (CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S) in the form of bubbling pools, mofettes and mineral water springs. The isotopic compositions of carbon, <sup>13</sup>C<sub>CO2</sub> up to -3‰ VPDB and helium up to 3.1 Ra suggest magmatic origin of the gas up to 80% (Kis et al., 2019).</p><p>Although the volcano seems to be inactive, several features, petrologic and geophysical studies suggest that melt-bearing magmatic body could still exist beneath the volcano (Harangi et al., 2015). Moreover the geodynamic system is characterized by frequent earthquakes with magnitude up to 7 at Vrancea area, close to the CO<sub>2</sub>-rich gas emissions of Ciomadul and the neighbouring areas.</p><p>In 2015 we started the monitoring of the helium isotopic ratios of Ciomadul to chech the possible relationship with seismicity. Our results show that in several cases the helium isotopic ratios increase at a seismic event with magnitude between 4 and 5.8 suggesting a relationship between the two phenomena.</p><p> </p><p>Harangi, Sz., Lukács, R., Schmitt, A.K., Dunkl, I., Molnár, K., Kiss, B., Seghedi, I., Á. Novothny, Molnár, M. 2015, Constraints on the timing of Quaternary volcanism and duration of magma residence at Ciomadul volcano, east-central Europe, from combined U-Th/He and U-Th zircon geochronology, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 301, 66-80</p><p>Kis, B.M., Ionescu, A., Cardellini, C., Harangi, Sz., Baciu, C., Caracausi, A; Viveiros, F. 2017, Quantification of carbon dioxide emissions of Ciomadul, the youngest volcano of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region (Eastern-Central Europe, Romania), Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 341, 119–130</p><p>Kis, B.M., Caracausi, A., Palcsu, L., Baciu, C., Ionescu, A., Futó, I., Sciarra, A., Harangi, Sz. 2019, Noble gas and carbon isotope systematic at the seemingly inactive Ciomadul volcano (Eastern-Central Europe, Romania, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20, 6, 3019–3043</p><p>This research belongs to the scientific project supported by the OTKA, K116528 (Hungarian National Research Fund), the EU and Hungary, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund in the project GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00009 ‘ICER’ and the Deep Carbon Observatory.</p>

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