Effect of viral respiratory tract infection on outcome of acute otitis media

1992 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnee Chonmaitree ◽  
Mary J. Owen ◽  
Janak A. Patel ◽  
Dawn Hedgpeth ◽  
David Horlick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Viral Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Viral Respiratory

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal microbiota in infants and changes during viral upper respiratory tract infection and acute otitis media

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. e0180630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnee Chonmaitree ◽  
Kristofer Jennings ◽  
Georgiy Golovko ◽  
Kamil Khanipov ◽  
Maria Pimenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Use of Bacterial Antigen Detection in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie W. Ramsey ◽  
Edgar K. Marcuse ◽  
Hjordis M. Foy ◽  
Marion K. Cooney ◽  
Inez Allan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Bacterial Antigen ◽  
Capsular Antigens

Two immunochemical methods were used to identify Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular antigens in the urine and serum of 162 children with acute lower respiratory tract infection. These methods were compared with standard bacterial blood culture. Viral and mycoplasma cultures of respiratory secretions were obtained simultaneously to determine the frequency of antigenuria at the time of nonbacterial acute lower respiratory tract infection. Urine from groups of well children and children with acute otitis media was tested for capsular antigens to determine the incidence of antigenuria. Antigenuria was found in 24% of children 2 months to 18 years of age with acute lower respiratory tract infection compared with a 2% incidence of bacteremia. Antigenuria was found in 4% of asymptomatic children and 16% of children with acute otitis media. One third of children with symptoms of acute lower respiratory tract infection and viral isolates from the oropharynx had bacterial antigenuria. The sixfold increase in frequency of bacterial antigenuria in children at the time of lower respiratory symptoms suggests that bacterial acute lower respiratory tract infection may be more common than identified by traditional culture techniques. Because bacterial antigen may come from other sites such as the middle ear, further studies are needed to determine the role of antigen detection in the diagnosis of pediatric acute lower respiratory tract infection.

Eustachian Tube Histopathology during Experimental Influenza a Virus Infection in the Chinchilla

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Scott Giebink ◽  
Mary Lou Ripley ◽  
Peter F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
Viral Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Pathologic Basis ◽  
Viral Respiratory

The eustachian tubes of 29 influenza a virus–infected chinchillas were examined for histopathologic signs at intervals up to 21 days after inoculation to elucidate the pathologic basis of negative middle ear pressure, which occurs during viral respiratory tract infection in humans. In the animal model, eardrum inflammation and negative middle ear pressure mirrored epithelial damage in the eustachian tube and the accumulation of cellular and mucous debris in the tubal lumen. Epithelial damage was greatest in the proximal two thirds of the tube near the nasopharynx, whereas goblet cell metaplasia and increased secretory activity was greatest in the distal, tympanic one third of the tube. These results provide a morphologic correlate to the development of negative middle ear pressure, and perhaps explain the pathologic basis for purulent otitis media during viral respiratory tract infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of acute otitis media in children younger than four years

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Marques ◽  
Carolina Fernandes ◽  
Carla Moura ◽  
António Miguéis
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Mastoiditis ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Abstract Background Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common diseases in childhood, affecting approximately 50% of all children. The most common age range to develop AOM is 3–24 months, due to a current or recent upper respiratory tract infection, which induces the eustachian tube to develop fluid or secretion from the middle ear inflammation. The acute onset of symptoms in older children is characterized by otalgia and rubbing of the ear, however, AOM in younger children include nonspecific symptoms such as fever, irritability, or poor feeding, being unreliable guides to the diagnosis. Thus, the underdiagnosis of AOM can lead to serious complications include acute mastoiditis or meningitis. Hence, the study aims to investigate the prevalence of AOM in children younger than four years. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a kindergarten, being enrolled children between 1 and 4 years. The protocol included otoscopy and tympanometry. Results A total of 23 children with a mean age of 2-year-old (SD = 0.88) were evaluated, with 17 children (34.8%) diagnosed with AOM, of whom 2 (15.4%) had unilateral alterations and 11 (84.6%) bilateral alterations. Conclusions AOM is one of the main childhood pathologies, affecting approximately 34.8% of younger children. Success in decreasing prevalence of AOM will depend on prevention of nasopharyngeal pathogen colonization, as well as decrease of viral upper respiratory tract infection, which can be reduced with nasal saline irrigation, a clinical and economic therapeutic approach.

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