Bilateral infant transfer and adoption in olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Infection with Schistosoma mansoni was studied in 5 troops of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Three troops were infected with S. mansoni. An aggregated distribution of parasites was observed among hosts. Troop membership was found to be the most significant factor influencing parasite prevalence. Age and reproductive status had no significant effect, but there was a trend for males to acquire higher levels of infection. However, age–prevalence curves showed a high infection in young baboons declining in the older baboons. Behavioural components of exposure – as measured in water-contact pattern – may be related to parasite burden. A ‘peak shift’ between infection in different age-classes in the different troops was observed: troops with higher schistosome prevalences displayed an earlier peak in prevalence of infection. The baboon troop with the most contact with people showed highest prevalence of infection possibly due to longer exposure to the parasite than the other troops and/or higher host density.

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TUBERCULOSIS IN WILD OLIVE BABOONS, PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS ANUBIS (LESSON), IN KENYA

Journal of Wildlife Diseases ◽

10.7589/0090-3558-21.2.137 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 137-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

R. Tarara ◽

M. A. Suleman ◽

R. Sapolsky ◽

M. J. Wabomba ◽

J. G. Else

Keyword(s):

Papio Cynocephalus ◽

Olive Baboons ◽

Wild Olive

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Sexual dimorphism in the activity of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) housed in monosexual groups

Archives of Sexual Behavior ◽

10.1007/bf01542676 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 79-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Anthony M. Coelho ◽

Claud A. Bramblett

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Papio Cynocephalus ◽

Olive Baboons

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Intestinal parasite burden in five troops of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000076952 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 112 (5) ◽

pp. 489-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

C. D. M. Müller-Graf ◽

D. A. Collins ◽

M. E. J. Woolhouse

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Social Rank ◽

Parasite Burden ◽

Spatial Location ◽

Parasite Infection ◽

Reproductive Status ◽

Papio Cynocephalus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Olive Baboons ◽

Predominant Factor

SUMMARYA cross-sectional parasitological study of a population of wild olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis), consisting of 5 troops, was conducted in Gombe Stream National Park. Baboons were individually recognizable. Information on age, sex, troop membership, reproductive status, social rank and life-history of each individual baboon could be related to parasite infection. Seven helminth taxa and 2 protozoan taxa were found. All baboons were parasitized by at least 1 taxon. Distributions of helminths were aggregated among hosts. There were significant differences among troops in the prevalence of all but 2 of the recorded helminths. Age had a significant impact on the prevalence and intensity of Strongyloides sp. No significant effect of sex on the prevalence of infection could be detected. There was some indication that female reproductive status was related to Trichuris egg output. In contrast to a previous study, no significant correlations between parasite infection and social rank could be found. Troop membership constituted the predominant factor contributing to heterogeneity of prevalence of infection. This suggests that spatial location and/or genetics may be important in determining levels of parasite infection.

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Effects of early life adversity on maternal effort and glucocorticoids in wild olive baboons

10.1101/2020.12.11.418095 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sam K Patterson ◽

Katie Hinde ◽

Angela B Bond ◽

Benjamin C Trumble ◽

Shirley C Strum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Life Experiences ◽

Social Rank ◽

Epigenetic Inheritance ◽

Papio Cynocephalus ◽

Papio Anubis ◽

Intergenerational Effects ◽

Early Life Adversity ◽

Olive Baboons ◽

Maternal Effort

Adverse experiences during early life exert important effects on development, health, reproduction, and social bonds, with consequences often persisting across generations. A mother's early life experiences can impact her offspring's development through a number of pathways, such as maternal care, physiological signaling through glucocorticoids, or even intergenerational effects like epigenetic inheritance. Early life adversity in female yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) predicts elevated glucocorticoids, reduced sociality, shortened lifespan, and higher offspring mortality. If baboon mothers with more early life adversity, experience poorer condition and struggle to provide for their offspring, this could contribute to the persisting transgenerational effects of adversity. Here, we examined the effects of mothers' early life adversity on their maternal effort, physiology, and offspring survivability in a population of olive baboons, Papio anubis. Mothers who experienced more adversity in their own early development exerted greater maternal effort (i.e., spent more time nursing and carrying) and had higher glucocorticoid metabolites than mothers with less early life adversity. Offspring of mothers with more early life adversity had reduced survivability compared to offspring of mothers with less early life adversity. There was no evidence that high maternal social rank buffered against the effects of early life adversity. Our data suggest early life experiences can have lasting consequences on maternal effort and physiology, which may function as proximate mechanisms for intergenerational effects of maternal experience.

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