Brain Edema XIIT. Kuroiwa, A. Baethmann, Z. Czernicki, J.T. Hoff, U. Ito, A. Marmarou, A.D. Mendelow and H.-J. Reulem, eds., Wien: Springer-Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-211-00919-1; 609 pp; Eur 178-/rating: ⋆⋆⋆, Recommended audience: Neurosurgeons, neurologists, intensivists, scientists researching head injury mechanisms

Blast traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a leading cause of head injury in soldiers returning from the battlefield. Primary blast brain injury remains controversial with little evidence to support a primary mechanism of injury. The four main theories described herein include blast wave transmission through skull orifices, direct cranial transmission, thoracic surge, and skull flexure dynamics. It is possible that these mechanisms do not occur exclusively from each other, but rather that several of them lead to primary blast brain injury. Biomechanical investigation with in-vivo, cadaver, and finite element models would greatly increase our understanding of bTBI mechanisms.

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Investigation of Head Injury Mechanisms in Motor Vehicle Accidents- A Multidisciplinary Approach

10.4271/850093 ◽

1985 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. J. Gibson ◽

K. A. McCaul ◽

A. J. McLean ◽

P. C. Blumbergs

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽

Vehicle Accidents ◽

Injury Mechanisms

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Herbert R. Lissner: The Father of Impact Biomechanics

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4046299 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Albert I. King ◽

Michele J. Grimm

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Human Brain ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Lead Author ◽

Blunt Impact ◽

Impact Biomechanics ◽

Injury Mechanisms ◽

The Many ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Professor Herbert R. Lissner was a pioneer in impact biomechanics, having initiated research on the injury mechanisms, mechanical response, and human tolerance of the human brain to blunt impact 80 years ago—in 1939. This paper summarizes the contributions made by Professor Lissner in head injury as well as in the many areas of impact biomechanics in which he was involved. In 1977, the Bioengineering Division of ASME established the H. R. Lissner Award to recognize outstanding career achievements in the area of biomechanics. In 1987, this award was converted to a society-wide Medal, and to date it has been awarded to 44 exemplary researchers and educators. The lead author of this paper was Professor Lissner's first and only Ph.D. student, and he offers a unique insight into his research and contributions.

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Acute brain edema in fatal head injury: analysis by dynamic CT scanning

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1985.63.6.0830 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 830-839 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Eiji Yoshino ◽

Tarumi Yamaki ◽

Toshihiro Higuchi ◽

Yoshiharu Horikawa ◽

Kimiyoshi Hirakawa

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Brain Edema ◽

Subdural Hematoma ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽

Dynamic Ct ◽

Content Type ◽

Injured Patients ◽

Fine Print ◽

Diffuse Brain

✓ Dynamic computerized tomography (CT) was performed on 42 patients with acute head injury to evaluate the hemodynamics and to elucidate the nature of fatal diffuse brain bulk enlargement. Patients were divided into two groups according to the outcome: Group A included 17 nonfatally injured patients, eight with acute epidural hematomas and nine with acute subdural hematomas; Group B included 25 fatally injured patients, 16 with acute subdural hematomas and nine with bilateral brain bulk enlargement. Remarkable brain bulk enlargement could be seen in all fatally injured patients with acute subdural hematoma. In 29 (69%) of 42 patients, dynamic CT was performed within 2 hours after the impact. In the nonfatally injured patients with brain bulk enlargement, dynamic CT scans suggested a hyperemic state. On the other hand, in 17 (68%) of the 25 fatally injured patients, dynamic CT scans revealed a severely ischemic state. In the fatally injured patients with acute subdural hematoma, CT Hounsfield numbers in the enlarged hemisphere (hematoma side) were significantly lower than those of the opposite side (p < 0.001). Severe diffuse brain damage confirmed by follow-up CT scans and uncontrollable high intracranial pressure were noted in the fatally injured patients. Brain bulk enlargement following head injury originates from acute brain edema and an increase of cerebral blood volume. In cases of fatal head injury, acute brain edema is the more common cause of brain bulk enlargement and occurs more rapidly than is usually thought.

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