scholarly journals Arabidopsis SGS2 and SGS3 Genes Are Required for Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing and Natural Virus Resistance

Cell ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Mourrain ◽  
Christophe Béclin ◽  
Taline Elmayan ◽  
Frank Feuerbach ◽  
Christian Godon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Natural Virus

scholarly journals The Occurrence of CMV-Specific Short RNAs in Transgenic Tobacco Expressing Virus-Derived Double-Stranded RNA is Indicative of Resistance to the Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 826-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriton Kalantidis ◽  
Stavros Psaradakis ◽  
Martin Tabler ◽  
Mina Tsagris
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Short Rnas ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Viral Sequences

Expression or introduction of double-stranded (ds)RNA in eukaryotic cells can trigger sequence-specific gene silencing of transgenes, endogenes, and viruses. Transgenic plants producing dsRNAs with homology to viral sequences are likely to exhibit pathogen-derived resistance to the virus. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), a very widespread virus with over 1,000 host species, has the natural ability to suppress silencing in order to establish infection. Here, we report the generation of transgenic tobacco lines, where a DNA transgene containing an inverted repeat of CMV cDNA had been introduced. Expression of this DNA construct delivered an RNA transcript that is able to form an intramolecular double strand. Transgenic plants were challenged with CMV. Three categories of plants could be discriminated: susceptible plants, which typically reacted with milder symptoms than the wild-type control; a “recovery” phenotype, in which newly emerging leaves were free of symptoms; and plants that showed complete resistance. Northern analysis showed that the expression of CMV dsRNA caused, in some transgenic lines, the generation of short RNAs characteristic of posttranscriptional gene silencing. Those lines were CMV resistant. The correlation between the detection of short RNAs and virus resistance provides a molecular marker that makes it possible to predict success in attempts to engineer virus resistance by dsRNA.

scholarly journals Replicase-Derived Resistance Against Pea early browning virus in Nicotiana benthamiana Is an Unstable Resistance Based upon Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom van den Boogaart ◽  
Fuijang Wen ◽  
Jeffrey W. Davies ◽  
George P. Lomonossoff
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Replicase Gene ◽  
Heterozygous Condition ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Homozygous Condition

Virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana plants containing a translatable Pea early browning virus (PEBV) 54K sequence from the 201K replicase gene has been reported previously. Resistant plants contain multiple transgene copies divided between two loci. Analysis of a genetic series containing the two loci in separate homozygous or heterozygous condition suggest that only one of the loci is necessary to induce the resistance. The resistance observed in R2 and R3 generations of lines containing both transgene loci in homozygous condition became less consistent in R4 and R5 generations. This inversely correlated with steady-state transgene transcript levels of the segregating populations. The use of recombinant Potato virus X vectors carrying PEBV 54K sequences showed that the resistance is based upon posttranscriptional gene silencing, is non-strand specific, and recognizes 3′ located sequences within the PEBV 54K sequence.

scholarly journals SnapShot: Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing

Cell ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 570.e1-570.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigal Pressman ◽  
Yanxia Bei ◽  
Richard Carthew
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing

Suppression of endogenous gene silencing by bidirectional cytoplasmic RNA decay in Arabidopsis

Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 348 (6230) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyan Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Xiaodan Liu ◽  
Xinyu Hong ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Rna Decay ◽  
Foreign Gene ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Endogenous Gene ◽  
Cytoplasmic Rna ◽  
Cognate Gene

Plant immunity against foreign gene invasion takes advantage of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). How plants elaborately avert inappropriate PTGS of endogenous coding genes remains unclear. We demonstrate in Arabidopsis that both 5′-3′ and 3′-5′ cytoplasmic RNA decay pathways act as repressors of transgene and endogenous PTGS. Disruption of bidirectional cytoplasmic RNA decay leads to pleiotropic developmental defects and drastic transcriptomic alterations, which are substantially rescued by PTGS mutants. Upon dysfunction of bidirectional RNA decay, a large number of 21- to 22-nucleotide endogenous small interfering RNAs are produced from coding transcripts, including multiple microRNA targets, which could interfere with their cognate gene expression and functions. This study highlights the risk of unwanted PTGS and identifies cytoplasmic RNA decay pathways as safeguards of plant transcriptome and development.

scholarly journals Effects of local mRNA structure on posttranscriptional gene silencing

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (37) ◽  
pp. 13787-13792 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Rudnick ◽  
J. Swaminathan ◽  
M. Sumaroka ◽  
S. Liebhaber ◽  
A. M. Gewirtz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Mrna Structure

scholarly journals The Three Essential Motifs in P0 for Suppression of RNA Silencing Activity of Potato leafroll virus Are Required for Virus Systemic Infection

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamun-Or Rashid ◽  
Xiao-Yan Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Da-Wei Li ◽  
Jia-Lin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Conserved Region ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
The Impact

Higher plants exploit posttranscriptional gene silencing as a defense mechanism against virus infection by the RNA degradation system. Plant RNA viruses suppress posttranscriptional gene silencing using their encoded proteins. Three important motifs (F-box-like motif, G139/W140/G141-like motif, and C-terminal conserved region) in P0 of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) were reported to be essential for suppression of RNA silencing activity. In this study, Agrobacterium-mediated transient experiments were carried out to screen the available amino acid substitutions in the F-box-like motif and G139/W140/G141-like motif that abolished the RNA silencing suppression activity of P0, without disturbing the P1 amino acid sequence. Subsequently, four P0 defective mutants derived from a full-length cDNA clone of PLRV (L76F and W87R substitutions in the F-box-like motif, G139RRR substitution in the G139/W140/G141-like motif, and F220R substitution in the C-terminal conserved region) were successfully generated by reverse PCR and used to investigate the impact of these substitutions on PLRV infectivity. The RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that these defective mutants affected virus accumulation in inoculated leaves and systemic movement in Nicotiana benthamiana as well as in its natural hosts, potato and black nightshade. These results further demonstrate that the RNA silencing suppressor of PLRV is required for PLRV accumulation and systemic infection.

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